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1937 Ann. Rep. Comm'r Off. Indian Aff. Sec'y Interior 198 (1937)

handle is hein.doi/annrepcom0100 and id is 1 raw text is: OFFICE OF INDIAN AFFAIRS
John Collier, Commissioner
THE Federal Government, working through the Office of Indian
Affairs, has had the traditional role of guardian of Indian property
and protector of Indians. As conservator, the Indian Office has
been at times faithless, and through most of later times ineffective.
In recent years, protections for Indian property have been tightened,
but it has not been until the past 3 years that the tide has been turned
and that Indian property has begun to increase in amount and value.
Of the 130,000,000 acres held in trust for Indians by the Government
in 1887, when the General Allotment Act was passed, some 49,000,000
of the poorest acres remained in 1933. At the close of the fiscal year
1937, this amount had been increased to approximately 52,650,000
acres, with additional purchases pending.
Land has not only been acquired for Indians, been safeguarded
from slipping away: Indian land, through allocations of emergency
funds, is being rebuilt. Only a beginning has been made, but already
the healing of damaged Indian ranges, the protection of Indian timber
and the blessing of new water supplies have helped to revitalize
Indian land.
More important, even, than economic benefits frdii augmented
resources have been the reorganization of Indian enterprise and the
kindling of confidence among Indian groups in their undertakings of
tribal enterprise.
This report, which tells something of the work of the past year,
deals first with this progress in Indian reorganization, then with
efforts to conserve and administer Indians' physical resources and to
provide Indians with a source of livelihood, then with education of
Indian children and the Indian health program. It concludes with
a discussion of the steps being taken to improve the mechanics of the
Indian Service, and with a brief mention of problems yet unsolved.
198

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