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2019 Prisoners in 1 (2019)

handle is hein.death/prsin2019 and id is 1 raw text is: U.S. Department of Justice Office of Justice Programs Bureau of Justice Statistics October 2020, NCJ 255115 Prisoners in 2019 E. Ann Carson, Ph.D., BJS Statistician he combined state and federal imprisonment rate for 2019 (419 per 100,000 U.S. residents), based on sentenced prisoners (those sentenced to more than one year), decreased 3% from 2018 (432 per 100,000 U.S. residents) (figure 1). This was the lowest imprisonment rate in 24 years, dating back to 1995. Since 2009, the imprisonment rate-the portion of U.S. residents who are in prison-has dropped 17% overall, including 29% among black residents, 24% among Hispanic residents, and 12% among white residents. At year-end 2019, there were 1,096 black prisoners per 100,000 black residents, 525 Hispanic prisoners per 100,000 Hispanic residents, and 214 white prisoners per 100,000 white residents in the United States. The total prison population in the U.S. declined from 1,464,400 at year-end 2018 to 1,430,800 at year-end 2019, a decrease of 33,600 prisoners. This was the largest absolute population decline since year-end 2015. The 2% decline in the FIGURE 1 Combined state and federal imprisonment rates per 100,000 U.S. residents, 1989-2019 700 600 - -- Age 18 or older 500- - All ages 400 -Jo' - -- -- - -- --- - 300 - - - - 200 100 '89 '94 '99 '04 '09 '14 '19 Note: Rates are based on prisoners sentenced to serve more than one year in state or federal prison. See appendix table 1 for rates. Source: Bureau of Justice Statistics, National Prisoner Statistics, 1989-2019; and U.S. Census Bureau, post-censal resident population estimates for January 1 of the following calendar year. HIGHLIGHTS * The number of prisoners under state or federal jurisdiction decreased by an estimated 33,600 (down 2%) from 2018 to 2019, and by 184,700 (down 11%) since 2009, the year that the number of prisoners peaked in the U.S. * In 2019, the imprisonment rate fell for the 11th consecutive year, hitting its lowest point since 1995. * The imprisonment rate fell 3% from 2018 to 2019, and 17% from 2009 to 2019. * From 2009 to 2019, the total imprisonment rate fell 29% among black residents, 24% among Hispanic residents, and 12% among white residents. * In 2019, the imprisonment rate of black residents was the lowest rate in 30 years, since 1989. * An estimated 14% of sentenced state prisoners were serving time for murder or non-negligent manslaughter and 13% were serving time for rape or sexual assault at year-end 2018, the most recent data available. * Among sentenced state prisoners at year-end 2018, a larger percentage of black (62%) and Hispanic (62%) prisoners than white prisoners (48%) were serving time for a violent offense. * At the end of fiscal-year 2019, 46% of sentenced federal prisoners were serving time for a drug offense (99% for drug trafficking), and 8% were serving time for a violent offense. * In 2019, privately operated facilities held 7% of state prisoners and 16% of federal prisoners. BjS40

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