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1999 Prisoners in 1 (1999)

handle is hein.death/prsin1999 and id is 1 raw text is: U.S. Department of Justice Office of Justice Programs August 2000, NCJ 183476 Prisoners in 1999 By Allen J. Beck, Ph.D. BJS Statistician The total number of prisoners under the jurisdiction of Federal or State adult correctional authorities was 1,366,721 at yearend 1999. During the year the States and the District of Columbia added 31,591 prisoners, and the Federal prison system added 12,205 prisoners. Overall, the Nation's prison population grew 3.4%, which was less than the average annual growth of 6.5% since 1990. During 1999 the prison population rose at the lowest rate since 1979 and had the smallest absolute increase since 1988. The rate of incarceration in prison at yearend 1999 was 476 sentenced inmates per 100,000 U.S. residents- up from 292 in 1990. About 1 in every 110 men and 1 in every 1,695 women were sentenced prisoners under the jurisdiction of State or Federal authorities. Overall, the United States incarcerated 2,026,596 persons at yearend 1999. This total represents persons held in - - Federal and State prisons (1,284,894, which excludes State prisoners in local jails) - territorial prisons (18,394) - local jails (605,943) - facilities operated by or exclusively for the U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service (7,675) - military facilities (2,279) -jails in Indian country (1,621) - juvenile facilities (105,790, as of October 29, 1997). About 1 in every 137 residents in the United States and its Territories were incarcerated. Sentenced prisoners per Population housed as a Decem- Number of inmates 100,000 resident population percent of highest capacity ber 31 Federal State Federal State Federal State 1990 65,526 708,393 20 272 --115% 1995 100,250 1,025,624 32 379 126% 114 1998 123,041 1,177,532 38 423 127 113 1999 135,246 1,231,475* 42 434 132 101 --Not available. *In 1999, 6 States expanded their reporting criteria. For comparisons with previous years, the count 1,209,123 should be used. - During 1999 the number of female - Factors underlying the growth prisoners rose by 4.4%, greater than in the State prison population the increase in male prisoners (3.3%). between 1990 and 1998 included - At yearend 1999, 90,668 women were - a 54% rise in the number of parole in State or Federal prisons - 6.6% violators returned to prison and a 7% of all prison inmates, increase in new court commitments. - On December 31, 1999, State - a drop in annual release rates from prisons were operating between 1% 37% in 1990 to 31% in 1998. and 17% above capacity, while - an increase in the average time Federal prisons were operating at served in prison by released inmates 32% above capacity. (from 22 months in 1990 to 28 months in 1998) and in the time - Texas (163,190), California expected to be served by those enter- (163,067), and the Federal system ing prison (from 38 months to 43 (135,246) together held 1 in every 3 months). prisoners in the Nation. Thirteen - an increase in violent offenders States, each holding fewer than 5,000 (representing 51% of State growth) inmates, together held less than 3% and drug offenders (19% of State of the Nation's prisoners, growth). - Two States - Idaho (up 12.9%) and • Analyses of imprisonment rates Wisconsin (10.9%) - had increases from 1990 to 1999 reveal - of at least 10% in 1999. Nine jurisdic- - a 60% increase among males and tions experienced decreases, led by an 84% increase among females in Rhode Island (down 12.8%) and the the number of sentenced prisoners District of Columbia (-12.0%). per 100,000 residents. - At yearend 1999, privately operated - large disparities by race and facilities housed 71,208 inmates Hispanic origin. In 1999 the rate (5.2% of State and Federal inmates); among black males in their late local jails housed 63,635 State twenties reached 9,392 prisoners inmates (5.2% of State prisoners), per 100,000 residents compared to 3,126 among Hispanic males and QQn mnnn \hift mnlpcz (0

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