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1998 Prisoners in 1 (1998)

handle is hein.death/prsin1998 and id is 1 raw text is: U.S. Department of Justice Office of Justice Programs August 1999, NCJ 175687 Prisoners in 1998 By Allen J. Beck, Ph.D. BJS Statistician and Christopher J. Mumola BJS Policy Analyst The total number of prisoners under the jurisdiction of Federal or State adult correctional authorities was 1,302,019 at yearend 1998. During the year the States and the District of Columbia added 49,798 prisoners, and the Federal prison system added 10,068 prisoners. Overall, the Nation's prison population grew 4.8%, which was less than the average annual growth of 6.7% since 1990. In absolute numbers, prison growth during 1998 was equivalent to 1,151 more inmates per week, up from 1,130 per week in 1997. At yearend 1998, more than 1,825,000 U.S. residents were in either jail or prison. State and Federal prisons housed two-thirds of the incarcerated population . Jails, which are locally operated and typically hold persons awaiting trial and those with sentences of a year or less, held the other third (592,462). Relative to the number of U.S. residents, the rate of incarceration in prisons at yearend 1998 was 461 sentenced inmates per 100,000 residents - up from 292 in 1990. On December 31, 1998, 1 in every 113 men and 1 in every 1,754 women were sentenced prisoners under the jurisdic- tion of State or Federal authorities. Sentenced prisoners per Population housed as a Decem- Number of inmates 100,000 resident population percent of highest capacity ber 31 Federal State Federal State Federal State 1990 65,526 708,393 20 272 151% 115% 1995 100,250 1,025,624 32 379 126 114 1996 105,544 1,077,824 33 394 125 116 1997 112,973 1,129,180 35 410 119 115 1998 123,041 1,178,978 38 423 127 113 * During 1998 the number of female * Factors underlying the growth prisoners rose by 6.5%, greater than in the State prison population the increase in male prisoners (4.7%). between 1990 and 1997 included - At yearend 1998, 84,427 women were - a 39% rise in the number of parole in State or Federal prisons - 6.5% violators returned to prison and a 4% of all prison inmates, increase in new court commitments. -a drop in annual release rates of * On December 31, 1998, State inmates from 37% in 1990 to 31% prisons were operating at between in 1997. 13% and 22% above capacity, while -an increase in the average time Federal prisons were operating at served in prison by released inmates 27% above capacity. (from 22 months in 1990 to 27 months in 1997) and in the time expected to - California (161,904), Texas be served by those entering prison (144,510), and the Federal system (from 38 months to 43 months). (123,041) together held 1 in every 3 -a small but growing number (10%) prisoners in the Nation. Fifteen of inmates who will serve 20 or more States, each holding fewer than 5,000 years in prison before release and inmates, together held less than 4% 5% who will never be released. of the Nation's prisoners. o Analyses of imprisonment rates * Seven jurisdictions had increases from 1990 to 1997 reveal - of at least 10% in 1998, led by Missis- -a 49% increase among males and sippi (16.7%) and North Dakota a 71% increase among females in (14.8%). Four jurisdictions - Alaska the number of sentenced prisoners (down 1.6%), Hawaii (-1.1%), Massa- per 100,000 residents. chusetts (-1.0%), and Maine (-0.5%) - widespread disparities by race - experienced decreases. and Hispanic origin. In 1997 the rate among black males in their late * Eighteen States housed inmates in twenties reached 8,630 prisoners per other State or Federal facilities in 100,000 residents compared to 2,703 1998. Wisconsin had the most among Hispanic males and 868 inmates in other States (3,028). among white males. (0

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