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1994 Prisoners in 1 (1994)

handle is hein.death/prsin1994 and id is 1 raw text is: ( U.S. Department of Justice Office of Justice Programs August 1995, NCJ-151654 Prisoners in 1994 By Allen J. Beck, Ph.D. and Darrell K. Gilliard BJS Statisticians The total number of prisoners under the jurisdiction of Federal or State cor- rectional authorities was 1,053,738 at yearend 1994. During the year the States and the District of Columbia added 77,847 prisoners; the Federal system, 5,447. Although the 1994 growth rate (8.6%) nearly equaled the average annual percentage increase Table 1. Changes in the State and Federal prison populations, 1980-94 Annual increase Number Percent Year of inmates Number change 1980 329,821 1981 369,930 40,109 12.2% 1982 413,806 43,876 11.9 1983 436,855 23,049 5.6 1984 462,002 25,147 5.8 1985 502,507 40,505 8.8 1986 544,972 42,465 8.5 1987 585,084 40,112 7.4 1988 627,600 42,516 7.3 1989 712,364 84,764 13.5 1990 773,919 61,555 8.6 1991 825,619 51,700 6.7 1992 882,500 56,881 6.9 1993* 970,444 64,992 7.4 1994 1,053,738 83,294 8.6 Annual average 50,069 8.7% Note: All counts are for December 31 of each year and may reflect revisions of previously reported numbers. --Not applicable. Includes the jurisdiction populations of Massachu- setts and Texas for the first time. The final 1993 count (947,492), which excludes the noncustody population in Texas and Massachusetts, may be used for comparisons. *.Hglgt Year 1980 1985 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 --Not available. Number of inmates Federal State 24,363 305,458 40,223 462,284 65,526 71,608 80,259 89,587 95,034 Sentenced prisoners per 100,000 resident population Federal State Population housed as a percent of highest capacity Federal State 9 130 14 187 123% 105% 708,393 754,011 802,241 880,857 958,704 * California (125,605) and Texas (118,195) together held more than 1 in every 5 inmates in the Nation. Seventeen States, each holding fewer than 5,000 inmates, together held 4% of all prisoners. * At yearend 1994, State prisons were operating at between 17% and 29% above capacity, while the Fed- eral system was operating at 25% over capacity. * Since 1980 the Nation's prison population more than doubled on a per capita basis. On December 31, 1994, the number of sentenced pris- oners per 100,000 U.S. residents was 387- up from 139 in 1980. * States with the highest incarcera- tion rates were Texas (636), Louisi- ana (530), and Oklahoma (508). North Dakota (78) had the lowest rate, followed by Minnesota (100), West Virginia (106), and Maine (118). e In 1993 (the latest available data), the incarceration rate of blacks was 7 times that of whites. At yearend there were 1,471 black inmates per 100,000 black U.S. residents, com- pared to 207 white inmates per 100,000 white residents. e The percentage of State prisoners serving a drug sentence more than tripled from 1980 to 1993 (6% to 22%). The percentage of Federal prisoners serving a drug sentence more than doubled, from 25% in 1980 to 60% in 1993. * In recent years, although the num- ber of drug offenders in the Nation's prisons grew dramatically (55,500 from 1990 to 1993), the number of violent offenders grew the most (up 82,100).

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