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2021 Corr. Populations U.S. 1 (2021)

handle is hein.death/cpopus0025 and id is 1 raw text is: U.S. Department of Justice Office of Justice Programs Bureau of Justice Statistics February 2023, NCJ 305542 Correctional Populations in the United States, 2021 - Statistical Tables E. Ann Carson, PhD, and Rich Kluckow, DSW, BJS Statisticians At yearend 2021, an estimated 5,444,900 persons were under the supervision of adult correctional systems in the United States, a decline of 1% (down 61,100 persons) from yearend 2020.1 About 1 in 48 adult U.S. residents (2.1%) were under some form of correctional supervision at the end of 2021. The rate of persons on probation or parole fell to a 21-year low in 2021 (1,440 per 100,000 adult U.S. residents), after declining each year since its peak in 2007 (2,240 per 100,000) (figure 1). The rate at which persons were in prison or jail increased for the first time since 2005, rising from 660 per 100,000 U.S. residents in 2020 to 680 per 100,000 in 2021, though it remained below the rate preceding the COVID-19 pandemic (810 per 100,000 in 2019). 1The total correctional, community supervision, and incarcerated populations exclude persons with dual correctional statuses to avoid double counting. See table 11 and Methodology. F IG U RE 1 Persons under the supervision of adult correctional systems per 100,000 adult U.S. residents, December 31, 2001-2021 Persons per 100,000 adult U.S. residents 3,500 Total under supervision 3,000 2,500 On probation/parole 2,000 1,500 In prison/local jail 1,000 500 0 '01 '03 '05 '07 '09 '11 '13 '15 '17 '19 '21 Note: All probation, parole, and prison rates are based on December 31 population counts, while jail rates use counts for the last weekday in June. Rates are rounded to the nearest 10 and may differ from previously published statistics due to updated reporting. Rates include a small number of persons age 17 or younger who were under adult correctional supervision and exclude persons with dual correctional statuses. Rates were calculated using U.S. Census Bureau estimates of the U.S. resident population of persons age 18 or older for January 1 of the following year. See appendix table 1 for rates and additional notes. Source: Bureau of Justice Statistics, Annual Probation Survey, Annual Parole Survey, and National Prisoner Statistics program, 2001-2021, Annual Survey of Jails, 2001-2004, 2006-2018, and 2020-2021, and Census of Jails, 2005 and 2019; and U.S. Census Bureau, postcensal estimated resident populations for January 1 of each year, 2002-2022. Highlights While the total community supervision population decreased 4% from yearend 2020 to yearend 2021, the incarcerated population increased 5% due to a 16% growth in the number of persons held in local jails. From 2020 to 2021, the number of males in the total correctional population declined less than 1% (down 28,300), while the number of females decreased 3% (down 32,800). At yearend 2021, 1 in 28 male and 1 in 138 female adult U.S. residents were under correctional supervision. The number of persons under correctional supervision in the United States declined 22% during the past decade, from 6,994,500 in 2011 to 5,444,900 in 2021. At yearend 2021, an estimated 1 in 48 adult U.S. residents were under correctional supervision, compared to 1 in 34 at yearend 2011. More than 1 million fewer persons were on probation in 2021 than in 2011. The number of black persons under correctional supervision decreased more than 25% from 2011 to 2021. N-u i-u !F N !F' n6 N HIS

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