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2016 Corr. Populations U.S. 1 (2016)

handle is hein.death/cpopus0021 and id is 1 raw text is: U.S. Department of Justice Office of Justice Programs Bureau ofJustice Statistics April 2018, NCJ 251211 Correctional Populations M in the United States, 2016 £ Danielle Kaeble and Mary Cowhig, BJS Statisticians r+ A n estimated 6,613,500 persons were under the supervision of U.S. adult correctional systems on December 31, 2016 (figure 1). The adult correctional population consists of persons held in prisons and jails and persons on probation and parole. The correctional population decreased 0.9% from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2016. From 2007 to 2016, the correctional population declined by an average of 1.2% annually, ranging from a decrease of 0.4% in 2008 to 2.1% in 2010. At year-end 2016, about 1 in 38 persons in the United States were under correctional supervision. This report summarizes data from several Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) collections on populations supervised by adult correctional systems in the United States. (See Methodology.) FIGURE 1 Total population under the supervision of U.S. adult correctional systems, 2006-2016 Number (in millions) 8 ------- ------- 7 T ota l 5 4 -- -- - -Probation 3- - - - - - - - - - 2 Prison Parole Jail 0 . . . '06 10 '15 '16 Note: Estimates may not be comparable to previously published BJS reports because of updated information or rounding. See Methodology for details. Source: Bureau of Justice Statistics, Annual Probation Survey, Annual Parole Survey, Annual Survey of Jails, and National Prisoner Statistics program, 2006-2016. HIGHLIGHTS In 2016, the number of persons supervised by U.S. adult correctional systems dropped for the ninth consecutive year. From 2007 to 2016, the portion of the adult population under supervision of U.S. correctional systems decreased by 18%, from 3,210 to 2,640 per 100,000 adult residents. The percentage of adults supervised by the U.S. correctional system was lower in 2016 than at any time since 1993. The incarceration rate has declined since 2009 and is currently at its lowest rate since 1996. On December 31, 2016, an estimated 6,613,500 persons were supervised by U.S. adult correctional systems, about 62,700 fewer persons than on January 1, 2016. About 1 in 38 adults (or 2.6% of persons age 18 or older in the United States) were under some form of correctional supervision at year-end 2016. The correctional population declined 0.9% during 2016 due to decreases in both the community supervision (down 1.1%) and incarcerated (down 0.5%) populations. The community supervision population fell from 4,586,900 on January 1, 2016, to 4,537,100 on December 31, 2016. * All of the decrease in the community supervision population in 2016 was due to a decline in the probation population (down 52,500). * The incarcerated population decreased slightly from 2,172,800 in 2015 to 2,162,400 in 2016. All of the decrease in the incarcerated population was due to a decline in the prison population (down 21,200), while the jail population remained relatively stable. BJS

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