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![handle is hein.death/cpopus0016 and id is 1 raw text is: U.S. Department of Justice
Office of Justice Programs
Bureau of Justice Statistics
November 2012, NCJ 239972
Correctional Populations
in the United States, 2011
Lauren E. Glaze, BJS Statistician
and Erika Parks, BJS Intern
There were 6.98 million offenders
under the supervision of the adult
correctional systems at yearend 2011, a
decrease of more than 98,900 offenders during
the year (figure 1). The adult correctional
systems supervise offenders in the community
under the authority of probation or parole
agencies and those held in the custody of state
and federal prisons or local jails. The 1.4%
decline in the correctional population during
2011 was the third consecutive year of decline
and by yearend, the population dropped
below the level observed in 2004 (6,995,900).
At yearend 2011, about 1 in every 34 adult
residents in the U.S. was under some form of
correctional supervision, down from 1 in 31
in 2007.
This report provides summary data on
offenders supervised by the adult correctional
systems. (See Methodology for more
information.) It also highlights significant
changes in the components of the correctional
population-probationers, parolees, state and
federal prisoners, and local jail inmates.
FIGURE 1
Total population under the supervision of adult correctional
systems and annual percent change, 1980-2011
Population (in millions)
Annual percent change
Population I
1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Note: Annual percentage change was based on within-year change in the
probation and parole populations and year-to-year changes in the prison and jail
populations. See Methodology.
Source: Bureau of Justice Statistics, Annual Probation Survey, Annual Parole Survey,
Annual Survey of Jails, Census of Jails, and National Prisoner Statistics Program,
1980-2011.
HIGHLIGHTS
Adult correctional authorities supervised about
6,977,700 offenders at yearend 2011, a decrease of
1.4% during the year.
The decline of 98,900 offenders during 2011
marked the third consecutive year of decrease
in the correctional population, which includes
probationers, parolees, local jail inmates, and
prisoners in the custody of state and federal facilities.
* About 2.9% of adults in the U.S. (or 1 in every 34
adults) were under some form of correctional
supervision at yearend 2011, a rate comparable to
1998 (1 in every 34).
At yearend 2011, about 1 in every 50 adults in the
U.S. was supervised in the community on probation
or parole while about 1 in every 107 adults was
incarcerated in prison or jail.
* The community supervision population (including
probationers and parolees, down 1.5%) and the
incarcerated population (including local jail inmates
and federal and state prisoners, down 1.3%)
decreased at about the same rate in 2011.
The majority (83%) of the decline in the correctional
population during the year was attributed to the
decrease in the probation population (down 81,800
offenders).
B]IS
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November 2012, NCJ 239972](ViewImageLocal?handle=hein.death/cpopus0016&div=1&collection=&method=preview&ext=.png&size=3)