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2009 Corr. Populations U.S. 1 (2009)

handle is hein.death/cpopus0014 and id is 1 raw text is: U.S. Department of Justice Office of Justice Programs Bureau of Justice Statstics Bureau of Justice Statistics December 2010, NCJ 231681 Correctional Populations in the United States, 2009 Lauren E. Glaze, BJS Statistician Correctional authorities supervised 7,225,800 offenders at yearend 2009, which was slightly fewer offenders (down 48,800) than in 2008 (figure 1). Correctional supervision includes adults supervised in the community on probation or parole and those incarcerated in state or federal prisons and local jails. This was the first decline (down 0.7%) observed in the total correc- tional population since the Bureau of Justice Statis- tics (BJS) began reporting this population in 1980.1 This report provides summary data on the correc- tional population and highlights significant changes in the components of the population. Also, it covers adults supervised in the community or held in adult correctional facilities. The total prison population may include juveniles held in adult facilities in the six states with combined jail-prison systems. 1See Methodology for a discussion about the sources of correc tional data. Figure 1. Estimated number of adults under correctional supervision and annual percent change in correctional population, 1980-2009 Number of adults Annual percent change 7,000,000 6,000,000 5,000,000 4,000,000 3,000,000 2,000,000 1,000,000 0 -2 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2009 Note: The annual percent change in the correctional population between 1996 and 1997 and 1997 and 1998 was adjusted to account for expanded probation coverage during those years. See Methodology for more details. Prison populations: A comparison between the jurisdiction and custody populations BJS's official measure of the prison population is the count of prisoners under the jurisdiction or legal authority of state and federal correctional officials (1,613,740 in 2009) (see appendix table 1). These prisoners may be held in prison or jail facilities located outside of the state or federal prison system. The prison population reported in table 1 is the custody prison population, which is different from the jurisdiction prison population. The custody prison population represents the number of prisoners physically housed in state (1,319,426 in 2009) and federal (205,087 in 2009) correctional facilities, regardless of which entity has legal authority over the prisoners (see appendix table 2).2 This includes state and federal prisoners held in privately 2For more information on the jurisdiction and custody prison populations, see Methodology in this report and Methodology and Definitions in Prisoners in 2009, BJS Web, December 2010. operated facilities. The difference between the custody and jurisdiction counts is the number of state and federal prisoners held in the custody of local jails or inmates out to court or otherwise in transit. Because table 1 presents data on the number of individuals under correctional supervision by correctional status, the custody prison population is presented instead of the jurisdiction prison population. The custody prison population accounts for the total number of individuals incarcerated in state or federal prisons, eliminating the possibility of double counting individuals who may be under the jurisdiction of one entity but who were in the custody of another entity. For a list of publications in this series, go to http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/index.cfm?ty=pbse&sid=5.

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