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1 1 (February 27, 2019)

handle is hein.crs/govyde0001 and id is 1 raw text is: 19. Cogrsioa Reeac Seric Updated February 27, 2019 Overview of FY2019 Appropriations for the Census Bureau Introduction This In Focus presents an overview of FY2019 discretionary budget authority for the Census Bureau, including the FY2019 budget request, related congressional actions, and comparisons with FY2018 amounts. As a Department of Commerce agency, the bureau is funded through Departments of Commerce and Justice, Science, and Related Agencies (CJS) appropriations bills. FY20 19 Budget Request The Administration's FY2019 budget request for the Census Bureau was $3,800.5 million, $986.5 million (35.1%) above the $2,814.0 million appropriation in FY2018. The bureau's FY2018 spend plan approved $2,811.4 million-the enacted amount, minus a transfer of $2.6 million to the Commerce Department's Office of Inspector General (DOC OIG) for bureau oversight. The FY2019 request was divided between the bureau's two major accounts, Current Surveys and Programs, and Periodic Censuses and Programs (PCP). Current Surveys and Programs The Current Surveys and Programs account would have received $249.1 million in FY2019, $20.9 million (7.7%) below the $270.0 million appropriated for FY2018, $16.9 million (6.3%) less than the $266.0 million approved in the FY2018 spend plan, and 6.6% of the FY2019 total request for the bureau. This account consists of Current Economic Statistics and Current Demographic Statistics. Current Economic Statistics Current Economic Statistics include business, construction, manufacturing, general economic, foreign trade, and government statistics that, as stated in the FY2019 budget justification for the Census Bureau, provide critical information about the structure and function of the U.S. economy. These statistics, the justification noted, are integral to the formation of key economic indicators, such as the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The FY2019 request for Current Economic Statistics was $174.0 million, $6.9 million (3.8%) below the $180.9 million that the bureau's spend plan approved for FY2018. Current Demographic Statistics Current Demographic Statistics include those from household surveys like the Current Population Survey (CPS), a collaborative venture between the Census Bureau and Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), for which BLS assumes about two-thirds of the cost; analyses of population and housing characteristics, such as the Current Population Reports, based on CPS and other data and providing the official estimates of income and poverty; intercensal demographic and housing unit estimates for the total United States and subnational geographic levels; and population projections into the future. The request for Current Demographic Statistics in FY2019 was $75.1 million, $10.0 million (11.7%) less than the $85.1 million approved in the FY2018 spend plan. Periodic Censuses and Programs (PCP) The Periodic Censuses and Programs account would have received $3,551.4 million, $1,007.4 million (39.6%) more than the $2,544.0 million enacted for FY2018, $1,006.0 million (39.5%) above the $2,545.4 million provided in the FY2018 spend plan, and 93.4% of the bureau's total FY2019 request. Four major programs under PCP, plus the bureau's critical information technology initiative, are discussed below. 2020 Decennial Census The largest, most expensive bureau undertaking is the decennial census. Article I, Section 2, clause 3 of the U.S. Constitution, as modified by Section 2 of the 14th Amendment, requires a population census every 10 years, to serve as the basis for apportioning seats in the House of Representatives. Decennial census data also are used for within-state redistricting and, along with census-related American Community Survey (ACS) data and intercensal estimates, in certain formulas that partly or entirely determine the annual allocation of over $675 billion in federal funds to states and localities. The $3,015.1 million FY2019 request for the 2020 census was $920.3 million (43.9%) above the $2,094.9 million the spend plan approved for FY2018. The steep increase reflects the fact that the census is little more than a year away, and, after several years of ramping up, census operations are nearing their peak. American Community Survey The ACS, which the bureau implemented nationwide in 2005 and 2006, is the replacement for the decennial census long form that, from 1940 to 2000, collected detailed socioeconomic and housing data from a sample of U.S. residents. The ACS yearly sample totals about 3.5 million households, covering every U.S. county, the District of Columbia, and all Puerto Rican municipios. The survey is sent monthly to small population samples; the results are aggregated to produce data every year for areas with at least 65,000 people and every five years for areas from the most populous to those with fewer than 20,000 people. According to the budget justification, the bureau releases more than 11 billion ACS estimates annually on more than 40 social, demographic, housing, and economic topics. The ACS is the only source of data on many of these topics for rural areas and small populations. ittps://crsreports.congress.gov

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