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Recent White House Actions on Immigration



Updated February 10, 2025

Since taking office on January 20, 2025, President Trump and his Administration have issued numerous
executive actions and initiatives related to the enforcement of federal immigration laws. These actions
address a range of issues, including the suspension of entry of aliens at the southern border, the processing
of applicants for admission, border security, refugee admissions, immigration enforcement in the interior
of the United States, public safety and national security, citizenship under the Fourteenth Amendment of
the U.S. Constitution, and other topics. Some actions reinstate previous policies and initiatives that were
implemented during the first Trump Administration. This Legal Sidebar provides a brief overview of
select executive actions and directives related to immigration that have been issued to date.


Presidential Proclamation Restricting Entry into the

United States in Response to an Invasion

On January 20, 2025, President Trump issued the presidential proclamation Guaranteeing the States
Protection Against Invasion. The proclamation directs the federal government to take measures to fulfill
its obligations to the States under Article IV, Section 4, of the Constitution, commonly referred to as the
Guarantee Clause or the Invasion Clause. The clause provides, The United States shall guarantee to
every State in this Union a Republican Form of Government, and shall protect each of them against
Invasion; and on Application of the Legislature, or of the Executive (when the Legislature cannot be
convened) against domestic Violence. Invoking the Guarantee Clause and the President's independent
constitutional authority, along with authorities delegated by immigration statute, the proclamation
contains a mixture of specific actions and general directives.
Section 1 of the proclamation suspends the entry into the United States of aliens engaged in the invasion
across the southern border until a finding that the invasion at the southern border has ceased. This
entry restriction relies on authorities conferred under 8 U.S.C. § 1182(f), which authorizes the President
by proclamation to suspend the entry of any aliens or classes of aliens whose entry he finds would be
detrimental to the United States, and 8 U.S.C. § 1185(a), which among other things prohibits an alien
from entering or attempting to enter the United States except under such rules as the President may
prescribe. In addition, Section 4 ofthe proclamation, which does not invoke a specific statutory authority,
directs that immigration authorities prevent covered aliens'physical entry into the United States. For
covered aliens found within the United States, Section 2 of the proclamation provides that they are

                                                                  Congressional Research Service
                                                                    https://crsreports.congress.gov
                                                                                       LSB11265

CRS Legal Sidebar
Prepared for Members and
Committees of Congress

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