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1 1 (September 6, 2024)

handle is hein.crs/goveqnq0001 and id is 1 raw text is: FY2025 NDAA: Countering Uncrewed Aircraft Systems September 6, 2024 Background Congress has expressed concerns about the threats posed by uncrewed aircraft systems (UAS, commonly known as drones) to U.S. military personnel and defense installations at home and abroad, as well as an interest in the ability of the U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) to detect and mitigate UAS threats. DOD is developing, acquiring, and fielding defensive counter-UAS weapon systems, as in those systems that are able to locate, identify, track, and intercept adversary drones. The House-passed and Senate Armed Services Committee (SASC)-reported National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2025 (NDAA, H.R. 8070 and S. 4638, respectively) include provisions relating to DOD's authority to conduct counter- UAS operations and DOD's policies and practices for countering drones. This product provides an overview of selected provisions in H.R. 8070 and S. 4638 related to DOD's ability to defend against drones and of proposed funding authorizations for selected DOD counter-UAS programs. Legislative Proposals The House-passed FY2025 NDAA contains two legislative provisions directly related to counter-UAS, while the SASC-reported bill contains seven (see Table 1). Both bills also contain legislative provisions that are more distantly related to counter-UAS, such as those provisions pertaining to general air defense capabilities and other technologies, which are not addressed in this product because counter-UAS is not their primary concern. In addition to the legislative provisions in the House-passed and SASC-reported bills, the House Armed Services Committee (HASC) and SASC included items of special interest (ISIs) in the committee reports on H.R. 8071 and S. 4638 that addressed counter-UAS. For example, both HASC and SASC included an ISI directing DOD officials to brief the committees on aspects of low-cost counter-UAS capabilities. Both committees further directed DOD officials to provide a briefing on Al-enabled, combat-validated UAS defeat capabilities. Unlike enacted provisions of law, directive report language is not legally binding, though agency officials typically regard it as a congressional mandate. Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov IN12418 CRS INSIGHT Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress

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