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Removal  proceedings   commence   when   the Department   of Homeland  Security (DHS)  charges a foreign
national with an immigration  violation under Title 8 of the U.S. Code and files a Notice to Appear (NTA)
in immigration  court. DHS components   may  charge  individuals at the U.S. border or within the U.S. interior
with grounds  of inadmissibility (e.g., attempting to enter the United States unlawfully) or deportability
(e.g., committing certain criminal offenses or violating a nonimmigrant status or condition of entry).



                                                                                  Immigration Violation


Customs   and Border  Protection (CBP):
responsible for border security.
   U.S. Border Patrol (USBP): between ports of entry
   Office of Field Operations (OFO): at ports of entry


O Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE):
     responsible for interior immigration enforcement.

        Enforcement and Removal Operations (ERO): identifies, arrests,
        detains, and removes foreign nationals who are subject to removal
        or are unlawfully present in the U.S.

O U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS):
     adjudicates applications for naturalization and immigration benefits.


DHS  Department of
     Homeland Security

NN

NTA  Notice to Appear



      Executive Office
EQIR  for Immigration Review



Removal  Proceedings


Annual Number of Cases Received by EOIR
800,000

600,000

400,000

200,000

      0
  Fiscal         7: Ne       fl%  .~O
  Year    CC r4 CVhr                    1 r1r4


Immigration court proceedings, including removal proceedings,
are adjudicated by EOIR's immigration judges (lJs). EOIR has
grown its IJ corps during the last decade.


Number of Us on Staff by Fiscal Year
800

600
4000


200


   0
Fiscal                    .o
Year   N  N rN  N J  N  N  N  N  N   N rQ N   N


Despite its growth, FOIR's IJ corps has been unable to keep pace
with its caseload, and the number of cases pending in immigration
courts has grown substantially. As a result, some individuals in
removal proceedings must wait years for a court date.

Number  of Cases Pending in Immigration Courts, End of Fiscal Year

2,000,000


1 ,S00, 000}C
1 ,00 0, 0 0 0  -  ----  ------  ----  ----  -
500,000
      0
   Fiscal          -  '       I
   Year      N(


01

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