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1 1 (July 20, 2023)

handle is hein.crs/govemgx0001 and id is 1 raw text is: Congressional ____ ~ Research Service NATO's 2023 Vilnius Summit Updated July 20, 2023 Leaders from the North Atlantic Treaty Organization's (NATO's) 31 member states (see Figure 1) met in Vilnius, Lithuania, on July 11-12, 2023. The allies addressed numerous issues of interest to Congress, including efforts to deter and respond to a possible Russian attack, NATO's relations with Ukraine, allied defense spending, security threats posed by China, and Sweden's pending accession to the alliance. Enhanced Deterrence and Defense Since Russia's 2014 and 2022 invasions of Ukraine, NATO has bolstered its force posture in the eastern part of the alliance, including by deploying eight multinational battlegroups in the region. Since early 2022, the number of allied soldiers deployed to Central and Eastern Europe more than tripled, bringing approximately 40,000 allied troops in the region under direct NATO command. The United States has been a leading proponent of these efforts and has deployed about 20,000 additional military personnel in Europe since February 2022, including some under NATO command; as of mid-2022, U.S. forces in Europe totaled approximately 100,000 personnel. In Vilnius, the allies adopted new regional defense plans and force structure requirements, which NATO leaders characterize as the most comprehensive since the end of the Cold War. NATO officials stress that implementation will require increased defense investments from NATO members. NATO-Ukraine Relations In Vilnius, NATO leaders declared that Ukraine's future is in NATO; called on allies to continue providing Ukraine with robust security assistance; and announced enhanced partnership programs with Ukraine, including the creation of a new NATO-Ukraine Council. Underscoring its role as a defensive alliance, NATO has declared it will not deploy forces to Ukraine. Allied governments have collectively provided an estimated $79 billion in security assistance to Ukraine (including about $47 billion from the United States), and NATO has provided about $82 million in nonlethal support, including medical supplies and fuel. Since 2008, NATO has reiterated a broad pledge that Ukraine will one day become a member but has not outlined a timetable or specific benchmarks for a formal invitation. The Biden Administration and some other allied governments have said Ukraine will not join NATO while the war is ongoing. Other allies, including Poland and the Baltic states, have called for a more defined pathway to membership and have Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov IN12192 CRS INSIGHT Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress

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