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               Congressional                                                       ____
           ~   Research Service






Security for the Federal Judiciary: Recent

Developments



April   11, 2023

Chief Justice John Roberts, in his year-end report for 2022, stated that the law requires every judge to
swear an oath to perform his or her work without fear or favor and that, in order to perform that work,
judges must be supported by ensuring their safety. The Chief Justice's year-end report was in response to
ongoing concerns related to judicial security, particularly given the increase in the number of threats
against federal judges and other judiciary personnel. Specifically, according to the U.S. Marshals Service
(USMS),  there were 4,511 threats and inappropriate communications against federal judges and other
court personnel in 2021. This represented a 387% increase over threats and inappropriate communications
that occurred in 2015 (when there were 926 such incidents).
According to the Administrative Office of U.S. Courts (AO), such threats and inappropriate
communications are caused, in part, by litigants angered by judges' decisions in cases and have
involved, in some instances, the home addresses of judges handling controversial cases being circulated
on social media. More generally, the proliferation of judges' personally identifiable information (PII) on
the internet has been a major concern ... in the wake of several attacks on judges in recent years.
This Insight provides an overview of recent developments related to judicial security (a prior Insight
discussed, among other issues, information about the specific agencies responsible for judicial security).

Passage  of the Daniel  Anderl   Judicial Security  and Privacy  Act
In December 2022, Congress passed the Daniel Anderl Judicial Security and Privacy Act (P.L. 117-263).
The legislation, in part, protects judges' personally identifiable information from resale by data brokers
and allows federal judges to redact personal information on federal government internet sites. The law
also prohibits the publication of a judge's personal information by other businesses and individuals where
there is no legitimate news media or other public interest. The legislation was in response to the killing of
a U.S. district court judge's son by a former litigant who was stalking the judge with information taken
from internet searches.





                                                                 Congressional Research Service
                                                                   https://crsreports.congress.gov
                                                                                       IN12143

CRS INSIGHT
Prepared for Members and
Committees of Congress

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