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             Congressional Research Service
             Informing Ih legislative debate since 1914



The Director of National Intelligence (DNI)


As provided in statute, the Director of National Intelligence
(DNI) oversees the integration of the intelligence functions
of the 18 statutory elements of the Intelligence Community
(IC), spearheads the support the IC provides to the military
and senior policymakers across the government, and serves
as principal intelligence advisor to the President. The DNI
is appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate.

Creation of DN Position
Congress created the position of DNI recognizing a need
for a senior official to provide dedicated leadership of
efforts to improve coordination and information sharing
among  IC elements and between intelligence and law
enforcement agencies. Prior to the creation of the position
of DNI, the Director of Central Intelligence (DCI) was
responsible for managing the diverse elements of the IC, in
addition to leading the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA),
and advising the President on intelligence matters.
Following the attacks on the U.S. homeland of September
11, 2001, however, the National Commission on Terrorist
Attacks upon the United States (also called the 9/11
Commission)  recommended  replacing the triple-hatted
position of DCI with a central coordinating authority over
the IC elements. This position would be dedicated to
mitigating administrative and operational barriers impeding
the lawful sharing of information and intelligence. Acting
on the commission's recommendation, Congress
established the DNI position through provisions in the 2004
Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act (P.L.
108-458 or IRTPA). With the passage of IRTPA, Congress
abolished the position of DCI; the DNI assumed
responsibility as both manager of the IC and principal
intelligence advisor to the President, while leadership of the
CIA  was left to the Director of the CIA.

Table  I. DNIs to Date


Ambassador John Negroponte
VADM  (Ret.) J. Michael McConnell
ADM  (Ret.) Dennis Blair
LTGEN  (Ret.) James Clapper
Former Senator Daniel Coats
VADM  (Ret.) Joseph McGuire (acting)
Ambassador Richard Grenell (acting)
Former Representative John L. Ratcliffe


2021-present      Ms. Avril D. Haines


Updated April 7, 2023


Respon sii ties
The IRTPA,  as amended, includes provisions governing
DNI  responsibilities (50 U.S.C. §§3023-3024). Among
them, the DNI is responsible for:

    *   Serving as head of the IC and principal advisor to
        the President on intelligence matters.
    *   Ensuring that timely, accurate, and objective
        national intelligence is provided to policymakers.
    *   Overseeing and providing advice to the President
        and the National Security Council with respect to
        all ongoing and proposed covert action programs.
    *   Establishing objectives and priorities for
        collection, analysis, production, and dissemination
        of national intelligence.
    *   Overseeing the management  and directing the
        implementation of the National Intelligence
        Program  (NIP).
    *   Collaborating with the Under Secretary of Defense
        for Intelligence and Security (USD(I&S)) in the
        development  and execution of the Military
        Intelligence Program (MIP).
    *   Managing  intelligence and counterintelligence
        relationships with domestic and foreign
        intelligence partners.
    *   Developing personnel policies and programs to
        enhance joint intelligence operations, and facilitate
        community  management  functions.



Authorities
To carry out these responsibilities the DNI has the statutory
authority to:

    *   Act as the decisionmaking authority on major
        intelligence-related acquisitions, with the
        exception of acquisitions involving DOD
        programs. In those cases, the DNI shares authority
        with the Secretary of Defense.
    *   Establish Mission and Functional Managers to
        serve as principal substantive advisors on
        intelligence collection and analysis related to
        designated countries, regions, or functional areas
        such as cyber threat intelligence.
    *   Establish councils related to IC-wide management
        and intelligence integration.
    *   Establish policies and procedures that require
        sound IC-wide analytic methods and tradecraft,
        analysis based upon all available sources, and
        competitive analysis of analytic products.


2005-2007
2007-2009
2009-2010
2010-2017
2017-2019
2019-2020
2020-2020
2020-2021

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