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1 1 (December 8, 2022)

handle is hein.crs/govejrj0001 and id is 1 raw text is: Congressional S£ Research Servi e Mauna Loa Eruption December 8, 2022 Mauna Loa, a volcano on the island of Hawaii, began erupting on November 27, 2022, with an outbreak of lava at the Mokoaweoweo summit caldera at an elevation of 13,681 feet within the Hawaii Volcanoes National Park. The eruption has caused aviation restrictions and some facilities and road closures; traffic congestion and illegal parking on the few narrow roads to the summit by sightseers; and unhealthy air quality. The hazards from the Mauna Loa eruption include lava flows, earthquakes, fractures and subsidence, volcanic gas emissions, hazardous volcanic smog called vog, and explosive eruptive activity. Congress may be interested in the U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS's) efforts to monitor the eruption (see USGS Mauna Loa Eruption Updates) and reduce the risks from volcanic hazards. Mauna Loa Eruption Mauna Loa is a large shield volcano that dominates the central part of the island. The summit and some southern parts of the volcano are located in the national park. Outside the national park, the volcano is covered by areas of barren lava, forest preserves, wildlife refuges, agricultural lands, a few facilities, and coastal communities. Early on in the eruption, lava flows along the Southwest Rift Zone extended west and southwest. On November 28, the activity moved to the Northeast Rift Zone. Several fissures opened and spewed volcanic gases with lava fountains followed by lava flows moving northeast down the gentle slope of the volcano (Figure 1). Activity at the summit and along the Southwest Rift Zone had stopped by November 28. Fissures on the Northeast Rift Zone are now the dominant source of the largest lava flows. These flows are moving slowly down the mountain and may block the Daniel K. Inouye Highway (Saddle Road, a major highway between volcanoes connecting the east side and west side of the island) in the near future (Figure 1). Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov IN12059 CRS INSIGHT Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress - Is IC'1®

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