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Child Care in the Build Back Better Act
Updated November 18, 2021
On November 3, 2021, the House Rules Committee released a modified version of the Build Back Better
Act (H.R. 5376) in Rules Committee Print 117-18. This version would establish a Birth Through Five
Child Care and Early Learning Entitlement (§23001). On November 17, the Congressional Budget
Office estimated the Birth Through Five program would cost roughly $273 billion over the 10-year
budget window (not accounting for revenue interactions).
Appropriations
Section 23001 would appropriate mandatory funding to the Department of Health and Human Services
(HHS) for child care programs in states, Indian tribes, tribal organizations, and territories. Funding for
activities in FY2022-FY2024 would be capped. State appropriations for these years would be designated
for particular activities (Table 1), including direct services (e.g., subsidies, payment rates), quality (e.g.,
supply-building, facilities), and administration. Beginning in FY2025, appropriations for states, tribes,
and territories would be set at such sums as may be necessary to ensure funds are sufficient for all
eligible children seeking assistance. Capped funding would be available for grants to localities and Head
Start expansions in states that opt not to participate in the program.
Congressional Research Service
https://crsreports.congress.gov
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