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1 1 (October 14, 2021)

handle is hein.crs/goveeqm0001 and id is 1 raw text is: Congressional Research Service Inforrning the legislative debate since 1914 S October 14, 2021 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers: Supplemental Appropriations The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) is a Department of Defense agency with civil works responsibilities, consisting largely of water resource projects to maintain navigable channels, reduce flood and storm damage, and restore aquatic ecosystems. These projects can have national and local economic and environmental benefits. USACE also has a role in responding to natural disasters, especially floods, in U.S. states and territories. This In Focus covers the appropriations that Congress has provided USACE that are in addition to annual appropriations-supplemental appropriations. Congress may consider both the amount of USACE supplemental appropriations and how effectively and efficiently the agency is using these funds. Figure 1 shows the USACE supplemental appropriations since FY1990 in constant 2020 dollars-$1.7 billion in the 1990s, $31 billion in the 2000s, and $31 billion in the 2010s. Of the funds provided since 2000, Congress dedicated 92% for flood response and recovery projects, 8% for economic recovery in FY2009, and less than 0.1% for facility security in FY2003. Table 1 summarizes the most recent supplemental appropriations acts funding USACE. The 117th Congress is considering the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (IIJA; H.R. 3684, as passed by the Senate). IIJA would provide $17.1 billion to USACE for water resources activities spanning the agency's navigation, flood, and aquatic ecosystem restoration authorities. (See CRS Insight IN11723, Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (IIJA) Funding for U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Civil Works: Policy Primer.) Figure 1. USACE Supplemental Funds for Fiscal Years in 1990s and for FY2000-FY2021 (in constant 2020 dollars) $20 Billions $18 . c $16 Fc y secu ty $14 F cd Response Recover, $12 .. d Proect -. $o $8 $4 $2 $0 0 S O 00 000 Source: CRS, using enacted legislation. Amounts adjusted to 2020 dollars using U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis, Table 1.1.9. Funding Flood Response and Post- Disaster Recovery Since the 1940s, Congress has authorized USACE to perform emergency flood fighting (e.g., sandbagging, temporary levee construction) and to repair certain nonfederal flood control works damaged by floods. Congress pays for these activities using the agency's Flood Control and Coastal Emergencies (FCCE) account. Congress pays for post-flood repairs of USACE-operated projects through the Operation and Maintenance (O&M) account. Table 1. Most Recent Enacted USACE Supplemental Appropriations by Budget Account ($ in millions, nominal) Geographic Limitations on Invest. & Invest. & Const. Account Flood-Related Public Law Expenses Const. O&M FCCE MR&T Total Funds P.L. 117-43 130 3,000 887 826 868 5,711 States affected by Hurricane Ida for Invest. and for $1,500 million from Const. P.L. 116-20 35 740 908 1,000 575 3,258 States and territories affected by Hurricanes Florence and Michael, Typhoon Mangkhut, Super Typhoon Yutu, Tropical Storm Gita P.L. 115-123 155 15,055 608 810 770 17,398 States and territories affected by Hurricanes Harvey, Irma, and Maria by or more than one flood in CY2014-CY2017 for some funds P.L. 114-254 - 55 260 420 291 1,026 - P.L. 113-2 60 3,461 821 1,008 - 5,350 Areas affected by Hurricane Sandy in USACE's North Atlantic Division Source: CRS, using referenced laws. Notes: Const. = Construction; Expenses = General Expenses; FCCE = Flood Control and Coastal Emergencies; Invest. = Investigations; MR&T = Mississippi River and Tributaries; O&M = Operation and Maintenance. https://Crsreports.congress.gov

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