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1 1 (August 4, 2021)

handle is hein.crs/goveega0001 and id is 1 raw text is: Updated August 4,2021 Latin America and the Caribbean: Impact of COVID-19 The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is having widespread economic, social, and political effects on Latin America and the Caribbean. As of August 4, 2021, the region had almost 41.1 million confirmed cases (21% of cases worldwide) and almost 1.38 million deaths (32% of deaths worldwide). Brazil, Mexico, Peru, Colombia, and Argentina had the region's highest numbers of deaths. Looking at mortality (death) rates per 100,000 population, Peru had the highest recorded COVID-19 mortality rate in the region, followed by Brazil, Colombia, Argentina, and Paraguay (see Table 1). In its weekly pres s briefing on thepandemic on August 4, 2021, the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) reported that COVID-19 infections were accelerating in central Mexico and that, in Central America, Guatemala was seeing a rise in infections. In addition, PAHOreported increasedcases in Cuba and noted that although cases were dropping across South America, infections were increasing in some Brazilian states. PAHO has played a major role supporting countries in their pandemic responses. When the pandemic began to surge in the region in 2020, PAHO's director expres sed concern about thepoor and other vulnerable groups at greatestrisk, including those living in the Amazon Basin, particularly Indigenous communities; women, who comprise 70% of the health workforce; people of African descent; migrants in temporary settlements; and prisoners in crowdedjails. The rollout ofvaccines has varied considerably, andtheie is concern that widespread vaccine access in some countries could be delayed untilmid-2022, making populations vulnerable to new waves of the virus andto more transmittable variants. As ofAugust 4,2021, accordingto PAHO's director,just 18% ofpeople in Latin America and the Caribbean had been fully vaccinated. The director assertedin late July that the region has yet to access the vaccines that it needs to keep ourpopulations safe. As of August 4, Chile and Uruguay were leaders in the region, with 65% of theirrespective populations fully vaccinated, and the Dominican Republic had 40% fully vaccinated. In contrast, countries with reported vaccination rates of les s than 5% included Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Nicaragua, Paraguay, and Venezuela. (See Table 1.) PAHO has helped countries prepare for vaccine rollout and has facilitated access to vaccines through the COVID-19 Vaccines Global Access (COVAX) Facility, a mechanism developed by global health organizations to facilitate equitable distribution of COVID-19 vaccines; 22 countries in the region have signed agreements to access vaccines through the facility. In addition, 10 countries in the region-Bolivia, Dominica, El Salvador, Grenada, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Nicaragua, St. Lucia, and St. Vincent and the Grenadines-are eligible to benefit fromthe COVID-19 Vaccines Advance Market Commitment (COVAX AMC), launched by Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, to provide donor- funded vaccines for low- and middle-income economies. Table I. COVID-19 Deaths, Mortality Rates, and Vaccinations in Latin American & Caribbean (countries with more than 1,000 deaths, as of August 4, 2021) Deaths per Fully Country Deaths Deaths Vaccinated 100,000 (percentage) Brazil 558,432 264.60 20.26 Mexico 241,936 189.64 20.31 Peru 196,598 604.72 12.74 Colombia 121,216 240.8 24.92 Argentina 106,447 236.87 16.00 Chile 35,640 188.05 65.10 Ecuador 31,644 182.14 14.18 Bolivia 17,882 155.32 15.00 Paraguay 15,135 214.84 4.07 Guatemala 10,483 63.14 2.08 Honduras 7,902 81.08 3.23 Panama 6,851 161.34 16.49 Uruguay 5,976 172.63 64.95 Costa Rica 5,070 100.44 16.86 Dom. Rep. 3,968 36.95 39.88 Venezuela 3,637 12.75 3.86 Cuba 2,993 26.41 24.00 El Salvador 2,663 41.26 24.01 Jamaica 1,203 40.80 4.14 Trin idad & Triba 1,101 78.93 13.99 Tobago Total LAC 1,379,561 - - Source: Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Coronavirus Resource Center, Vaccination Progress Across the World, at https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/vaccines/international; and Mortality Analyses, accessed August 4, 2021, at https:/coronavirus.jhu.edu/data/ mortality. For Argentina and Cuba, the source forvaccination data is Josh Holder, Tracking Coronavirus Vaccinations Around the World, New York Times, August 4, 2021. Note: Peru revised its official COVID-19 death toll in May 2021 to account for excess deaths attributed to COVID-19 not previously counted, which tripled the country's reported death toll. .congress.qov

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