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1 1 (July 1, 2021)

handle is hein.crs/govedwh0001 and id is 1 raw text is: Congressional ~.Research Service informing the legi Iative debate since 1914 ___________________ Juneteenth National Independence Day: A New Federal Holiday July 1, 2021 On June 17, 2021, President Joe Biden signed S. 475, the Juneteenth National Independence Day Act, into law. S. 475 passed the House of Representatives on June 16 and the Senate on June 15. The House companion measure was H.R. 1320. The act amends Section 6103(a), Title 5 of the United States Code to designate June 19 as Juneteenth National Independence Day. In past Congresses, legislation was introduced to create a federal holiday and the House and Senate also agreed to resolutions honoring Juneteenth. Juneteenth On June 19, 1865, Major General Gordon Granger of the Union Army issued General Order No. 3 in Galveston, Texas. The order announced to the people of Texas that the Emancipation Proclamation's freeing of enslaved people in the Confederate states was in effect. Specifically, General Order No. 3 stated: The people of Texas are informed that, in accordance with a Proclamation from the Executive of the United States, all slaves are free. This involves an absolute equality ofpersonalrights and rights of property between former masters and slaves, and the connection heretofore existing between them, becomes that between employer andhired labor. The Freedmen are advised to remain at their present homes, and work for wages. They are informed that they will not be allowed to collect at military posts; and that they will not be supported in idleness either there or elsewhere. Since the issuance of General Order No. 3, the observance of Juneteenth on June 19 has evolved. Today, 49 states and the District of Columbia have passed legislation recognizing Juneteenth as a holiday or observance (see CRS Report R44865, Juneteenth: Fact Sheet, by Erin M. Smith, Table 1. States that Commemorate or Observe Juneteenth). Federal Holidays With the enactment of S. 475 and the creation of the Juneteenth National Independence Day, the United States now has 12 permanent federal holidays, codified at 5 U.S.C. §6103. They are, in the order they appear in the calendar, New Year's Day, Martin Luther King Jr.'s Birthday, Inauguration Day (every four Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov IN11697 CRS INSIGHT Prepared for Membersand Committeesof Congress

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