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1 1 (June 24, 2021)

handle is hein.crs/govedtx0001 and id is 1 raw text is: nfo irioh Uflave ~ 1 4 9 Updated June 24, 2021 Latin America and the Caribbean: Impact of COVID-19 The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is having widespread economic, social, and political effects on Latin America and the Caribbean. As of June 22, 2021, the region had over 36 million confirmed cases (20% of cases worldwide) and over 1.2 million deaths (32% of deaths worldwide). Brazil, Mexico, Peru, Colombia, and Argentina had the highest numbers of deaths in the region. Looking at mortality (death) rates per 100,000 population, Peru had the highest recorded COVID-19 mortality rate in the region, followed by Brazil, Colombia, Argentina, and Mexico (see Table 1). In its weekly epidemiological update issued June 22, 2021, the World Health Organization reported that many countries in South America, Central America, and the Caribbean were continuing to record high levels of COVID- 19 transmission and mortality. Brazil, Colombia, and Argentina had the highest number of new cases and deaths in the region fromJune 14 to June 20, 2021. The Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) has played a major role in supporting countries in theirpandemic responses. When thepandemicbegan to surge in the region in 2020, the PAHO director expres sed concern about the poor and other vulnerable groups at greatestrisk, including those living in the Amazon Basin, particularly indigenous communities; women, who make up 70% of the health workforce in the Americas; people of African descent; migrants in temporary settlements; andprisoners in crowded jails. The rollout ofvaccines in the regionhasvaried considerably, andthere is concern that widespread vaccine access in some countries could be delayed until 2022 or early 2023. As of June 23, 2021, according to Johns Hopkins University, Chile was the leader in the region, with 50% of its population fully vaccinated, followed by Uruguay, with almost 42%. Several countries with high numbers of COVID-19 deaths have fully vaccinated smaller percentages oftheir populations, including Brazil (11.7%), Mexico (13.4%), Peru (7.8%), Colombia (9.9%), and Argentina (8.3%). Countries with low vaccinationrates include Guatemala and Honduras (both with less than 1% fully vaccinated), Jamaica (justover 1%), and Trinidad and Tobago (3.3%). Haiti is the only country in the region that has not yetreceived any vaccines. PAHOhas helpedcountries prepare forvaccine rollout and has facilitated access to vaccines through theCOVID-19 Vaccines Global Access (COVAX) Facility, a mechanism developed by global health organizations to facilitate equitable distribution of COVID-19 vaccines;22 countries in the region have signed agreements to access vaccines through thefacility. In addition, 10 countries in the region-Bolivia, Dominica, El Salvador, Grenada, Guyana, https://crsrepo Haiti, Honduras, Nicaragua, St. Lucia, and St. Vincent and the Grenadines-are eligible to benefit fromthe COVID-19 Vaccines Advance Market Commitment (COVAX AMC), launched by Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, to provide donor- funded vaccines for low- and middle-income economies. Table 1. COVID-19 Cases, Deaths, and Mortality Rates in Latin American/Caribbean (LAC) Countries (countries with more than 2,000 deaths, as of June 22, 2021) Country Cases Deaths Deaths per (millions) 100,000 Brazil 18.055 504,717 239.15 Mexico 2.483 231,505 181.47 Peru 2.031 190,645 586.41 Colombia 3.997 101,302 201.24 Argentina 4.299 90,281 200.9 Chile 1.526 31,690 167.21 Ecuador .447 21,315 122.69 Bolivia .424 16,243 141.08 Paraguay .409 11,849 168.2 Guatemala .283 8,785 52.91 Honduras .255 6,818 69.96 Panama .395 6,483 152.67 Uruguay .358 5,350 154.55 Costa Rica .356 4,546 90.06 Dom. Rep. .318 3,769 35.1 Venezuela .263 2,989 10.48 El Salvador .077 2,341 36.27 Total LAC 36.332 1,245,855 - United States 33.565 602,462 183.54 Source: Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Coronavirus Resource Center, MortalityAnalyses,June 23,2021, updated daily, at https://coronavirus.jh u.ed u/data/mortality. Note: Peru revised its official COVID-l9 death toll in May 2021 to account for excess deaths attributed to COVID- 19 not previously counted,whih tripled the country's reported death toll. PAHOmaintains thatbythe endof2021, vaccines provided through COVAX should cover around 100million people in the region, roughly 20% of each country's population. As of June 22, PAHOreported thatover21 million doses had been delivered through COVAX. Vaccine deliveries through COVAX have been slower than expected due to supply problems. Many countries in the region also have .congress.gov

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