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1 1 (January 12, 2021)

handle is hein.crs/govebow0001 and id is 1 raw text is: Updated January 12, 2021 Family Violence Prevention and Services Act (FVPSA) History of FYPSA Throughout much of the 20th century, domestic violence remained a hidden problem. Survivors (or victims) were hesitant to s eekhelp, primarily because of fear ofretaliation by their partners and concerns about leaving their communities. In the 1960s and 1970s, shelters and services for survivors became more widely available. In 1984, the Department of Justice (DOJ) issued a report that examined the scope andimp act of domestic violence in the United States, and recommended improvements in law enforcement and community responses to offenses that were previously considered family matters. As a result of efforts by advocates and DOJ, Congress held a series of hearings on domestic violence. In response, the Family Violence Prevention and Services Act was enacted as Title III of the Child Abuse Amendments of 1984 (P.L. 98-457). FVPSA has twice been amended by the Violence Against Women Act (VAW A), first enacted in 1994. FVPSA and VAW A are the primary vehicles for federal support to prevent and respond to domestic violence. FVPSA is focused on prevention and services for survivors, while VAWA's focus is on both services for victims and the criminal justice response to domestic violence, sexual assault, stalking, anddating violence. Scope of the Issue FVPSA primarily addresses domestic violence and dating violence. Bothcan include acts ofphysical, psychological, and sexual violence as wellas stalking. Domestic violence, sometimes referred to as family violence, involves current or former spouses, individuals who share children in common, cohabiting partners, and other intimate partners. Dating violence occurs between individuals who have a romantic relationship, including teenagers. Studies do not indicate a primary reason why domestic and dating violence are perpetrated, in part because of the difficulty measuring social conditions that can influence such violence. They do, however, identify two underlying factors: the unequal position of women and the normalization of violence, both in society and in some relationships. Estimating the number ofindividuals involved in intimate partner violence is complicated by varying definitions of the termand methodologies for collecting data. A study by the Centers for Dis ease Control and Prevention (CDC) examined the prevalence of intimate partner (domestic and dating) violence in 2015. Over one-third of women and nrn in America reported that they experienced sexual violence, physicalviolence, and/or stalking by an intimate partner in their lifetime. However, women were more likely to experience related impacts, such as having injuries and a need for victims ervices. https://crsrept Overview of FVPSA FVPSA supports temporary shelter and services for survivors, as well as children exposed to domestic and teen dating violence. The law currently authorizes three major activities : the National Domestic Violence Hotline; domestic violence shelters, victimservices, and program support; and the Domestic Violence Prevention Enhancement and Leadership Through Alliances (DELTA) program. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services' (HHS') Family and Youth Services Bureau (FYSB) administers funding for the hotline and domestic violence shelters and services. The CDC, also within HHS, administers DELTA. The statute authorized funding for these activities throughFY2015. Table 1 shows final funding amounts for FY2017 through FY2020 (and enacted funding for FY2021). Funding generally increased over the period. Table I. FVPSA Final Funding, FY20 1 7-FY2020 and Enacted Funding, FY202 I (Dollars in millions) FY17 FY18 FY19 FY20 FY21 Hotline $8.2 $9.3 $10.3 $14.0 $13.0 Shelter & $150.5 $158.4 $163.9 $220.0 $182.5 Services DELTA $5.5 $5.5 $5.5 $7.1 $5.5 Total $164.2 $173.2 $180.0 $241.1 $204.0 Source: CRS, based on correspondence with HHS, October2020 and review of appropriation laws. Note: FY2020 data include supplemental appropriations (P.L. 11 6- 136).Duetorounding,somenumbersdonotaddtothetotal. National Domestic Violence Hotline Since 1996, HHS has competitively awarded a cooperative agreement to one organization to operate the National Domestic Violence Hotline. The agreement was most recently awarded for a five-year period that extends through the end of FY2020. FVPSA specifies that thehotline provide information and assistance to adult and youth victims of domestic violence, family and household members of victims, and others affected by victimization. This includes support concerning domestic violence, dating violence, children exposed to domestic violence, intervention programs for abusive partners, and related topics. As required under FVPSA, the nationalhotline carries out multiple activities. It employs, trains, and supervises personnel to answer incoming calls; provides counseling andreferral services to victims and others; and directly connects callers to service providers in local communities. In FY2018, the hotline received more than 23,000 calls each month and respondedto 74% of all calls. It also had an average of nearly 13,000 online chats on a monthly basis. .congress.gov

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