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1 1 (May 31, 2017)

handle is hein.crs/govebdm0001 and id is 1 raw text is: Congressional Research Service 0 Updated May 31, 2017 Commercial Filming and Photography on Federal Lands Commercial filmmakers, videographers, and photographers often seek to use federal lands as locations for their works. Historically, the major federal land management agencies- the Bureau of Land Management (BLM), National Park Service (NPS), and Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) in the Department of the Interior (DOI) and the U.S. Forest Service (FS) in the Department of Agriculture (USDA)- did not share a consistent approach to regulating commercial filming and photography on their lands. A 2000 law, P.L. 106-206 (16 U.S.C. 4601-6d), directed the Secretaries of the Interior and Agriculture to require permits and develop a consistent fee structure for commercial filming and some photography on federal lands. Pursuant to the law, the agencies have established permitting procedures and are currently in the process of setting fees. Legislation in the 115th Congress would alter requirements for the agencies' fee schedules and permits. DOI and USDA are currently in the process of standardizing fees for commercial filmmaking and photography on federal lands, which have served as locations for many well-known films such as Star Wars, Planet of the Apes, and The Hunger Games. Statutory Requirements for Permits and Fees Under P.L. 106-206 (16 U.S.C. §4601-6d and 54 U.S.C. § 100905), the Secretaries of the Interior and Agriculture must require permits and establish reasonable fees for commercial filming on federal lands. The fees must take into account (1) the number of days of filming, (2) the size of the film crew, (3) the amount and type of equipment, and (4) other factors that the Secretaries deem appropriate. The fees must provide a fair return (undefined in the law) to the nation for the activity. In addition to fees, the Secretaries must recover any administrative, personnel, or other costs incurred by the agencies during filming. Permits are not to be issued if the activity would damage resources, unreasonably disrupt public use and enjoyment of a site, or pose health and safety risks. Still photography requires a permit or fee only if it is in an area that is not ordinarily open to the public, if additional administrative costs are likely, or if models or props other than the site's own resources are used. Fees and costs collected under P.L. 106-206 are to be available for use by the collecting agencies without further appropriation. The majority of funds are retained at the site at which they were collected, and the fees may be used for purposes such as backlogged repair and maintenance projects, interpretation, signage, facility enhancement, resource preservation, fee collection, and law enforcement. Agency Regulations Department of the Interior. In August 2013, DOI issued a final rule to bring three agencies-BLM, NPS, and FWS- into compliance with P.L. 106-206 (78 Federal Register 52087, modifying regulations at 36 C.F.R. Part 5, 43 C.F.R. Part 5, and 50 C.F.R. Part 27). In December 2014 and again in December 2016 (81 Federal Register 94496), the Bureau of Reclamation announced its intent to amend its regulations to accord with those of the other DOI agencies. Special filming and photography restrictions for Indian lands administered by DOI's Bureau of Indian Affairs (43 C.F.R. Part 5, Subpart B) remain unchanged. The DOI regulations define commercial filming and still photography consistently for BLM, NPS, and FWS and clarify which activities require a permit, in accordance with P.L. 106-206. The regulations state conditions under which a filming or photography permit may be denied, such as if the activity would cause resource damage, unreasonably disrupt public use, pose health or safety risks, or violate the Wilderness Act (16 U.S.C. 1131-1136) or other applicable laws or regulations. Permit applications are to be processed in a timely manner, and permit denials may be appealed to higher levels of DOI management. The regulations also discuss the more limited circumstances in which a permit is required for news-gathering activities (defined as filming, videography, and still photography carried out by a representative of the news media). Among other conditions, such a permit is required only if obtaining it will not interfere with the ability to gather the news. Permit holders are responsible for two types of payments: a location fee that provides a fair return to the nation for the use of federal land and repayment of costs incurred by the government in processing the request and administering the permit. The permit holder also has liability and bonding requirements. Forest Service. FS follows its existing regulations for commercial filming and photography permits (36 C.F.R. 251), which were in place prior to passage of P.L. 106-206. FS collaborated with DOI on a new fee schedule proposed in 2013 (see below). Also, in 2014, FS proposed but did not finalize a directive that would establish additional criteria for commercial filming and photography in congressionally designated wilderness areas (79 Federal Register 52626). For example, such activity would have to be focused primarily on disseminating information about wilderness, would have to preserve the area's wilderness character as defined in the Wilderness Act (16 U.S.C. 1131 ff.), and would have to be wilderness-dependent (unable to be carried out elsewhere). Some Members of Congress and other stakeholders objected to the proposed FS directive, especially questioning whether it would infringe on the First Amendment rights of news reporters. FS stated that https:/crsreports.congress. go

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