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1 1 (September 12, 2017)

handle is hein.crs/govebcb0001 and id is 1 raw text is: Congressional Research Service In forming the legislative debate since 1914 Updated September 12, 2017 U.S. Agency for International Development: An Overview Background The U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) is the leading international humanitarian and development arm of the United States government. Its programs also support the political and strategic aims of the United States by providing assistance to strategically important and conflict countries, and assist U.S. commercial interests by furthering the economic growth of developing countries and building these countries' capacity to participate in world trade. In FY2017, USAID is responsible for over $20 billion in appropriations, representing more than one-third of the International Affairs 150 budget function and more than half of total foreign assistance encompassed by the State, Foreign Operations Appropriations (SFOPS) and international food aid appropriated under the Agriculture Appropriations. USAID's annual appropriations come from 14 different budget accounts-most solely-owned and some shared with the Department of State-making any calculation of its current budget somewhat imprecise. We partner to end extreme poverty and to promote resilient, democratic societies while advancing our security and pros perit. USAID Mission Statement USAID maintains more than 60 country and regional missions that design and manage a wide range of projects, most intended to meet specific development objectives as formulated in a Country Development Cooperation Strategy. Most projects are implemented through some form of grant, cooperative agreement, or contract by one of thousands of potential development partners-such as U.S. nonprofit private voluntary organizations and other non- governmental organizations (NGOs), U.S. for-profit contractors, universities, international organizations, and foreign partner governments, civil society, and the private sector. In FY2016, the most recent year in which detailed data is available, USAID provided assistance to over 120 countries, including 74 of the 84 low and lower-middle income countries. Foreign aid allocations reflect both recipient needs and U.S. foreign policy priorities. Suggestive of the strong foreign policy purpose behind many USAID activities, the top 10 recipients of USAID- implemented funds in FY2016 were Afghanistan, Ethiopia, Syria (for refugees), South Sudan, Kenya, Jordan, Nigeria, Pakistan, Iraq, and Democratic Republic of Congo. In FY2016, about 52% of USAID funds attributable to countries and regions went to sub-Saharan Africa and 17% went to the Middle East and North Africa (Figure 1). Figure I. USAID-Implemented Program Funding by Region: FY20 16 Source: USAID, https://explorer.usaid.gov and CRS calculations. Of FY2016 funds attributable to a specific sector (Figure 2), 41% went for health programs and 20% for humanitarian efforts. Since the early 1990s, health programs have consistently been the largest USAID assistance sector, bolstered since 2004 by billions of dollars in transfers from the Department of State's President's Emergency Program for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR). Humanitarian aid, too, has increased significantly in recent years, particularly in response to the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami, the 2010 Haiti earthquake, and the 2014 Ebola epidemic. Figure 2. USAID-Implemented Program Funding by Sector: FY20 16 Multi- Sector 12% Democracy 6% 3% Agriculture 6% arkwan Economic 0 Growth 6% Source: USAID, https://explorer.usaid.gov and CRS calculations. USAID Under the Trump Administration Administrator Mark Green was sworn in August 7, 2017. While no new policies have been announced under his https://crsreports.cong ress.gov

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