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1 1 (July 24, 2020)

handle is hein.crs/govdbbl0001 and id is 1 raw text is: k Bureau of Reclamation: FY2021 Appropriations Most of the large dams and water diversion structures in 17 coterminous western states were built by, orwith the assistance of, the Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation), part ofthe Department ofthe Interior. Reclamation's original miss ion was to develop water supplies, primarily for irrigation to reclaim arid lands in the West. Today, its mission includes management, development, and protection of water and related resources. Reclamation's mis sion areas and geographic s cope are generally narrower than those of the other principal federal water resource agency, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Reclamation manages hundreds of water storage and conveyance projects. These projects provide water to approximately 10 million acres of farmland and 31 million people. Reclamation is the largest wholesale supplier of waterin 17 western states andthe second-largest hydroelectric power producer in the nation. Reclamation facilities' operations canbe controversial, particularly in relation to effects on fish and wildlife species and conflicts among competing water users. Reclamation's role has evolved, and its focus has gradually shifted fromconstruction of new water storage projects to operation and maintenance o fexis ting projects. Reclamation also has expanded into new areas, including funding for water supply projects on tribal lands and in rural areas under congressionally authorized Indian water rights settlements and rural water supply projects, respectively. In addition, Congress has authorized Reclamation grants to nonfederal projects, including those for water reuse and recycling, conservation and efficiency, and des alination. Reclamation's Water andRelated Resources account funds most agency activities, including construction, operation and maintenance, dams afety, and ecosystemres toration. It also funds Indianwater rights settlements andmost Reclamation programmatic and grant authorities. Reclamation typically also requests funding for three smaller accounts: California Bay-Delta Restoration, the Central Valley Project Restoration Fund (which is offsetby cu stomer receipts), and the Policy and Administration account. 202 B dge a• d Appr, p akt ,o,,, The President's budgetrequest for FY2021 proposed $1.13 billion in gross current authority (i.e., appropriations before offsets) forReclamation. In H.R. 7613, the House Appropriations Committee recommended $1.655 billion for Reclamation in FY2021. Figure 1 shows recent appropriations levels for Reclamation compared with the FY2021 President's budget request and appropriations. Figure I. Reclamation Appropriations by Account, FY2016-FY2021 Appropriations (nominal $ in millions) $1,800 $1,60o 51,400 Ssoo $800 $200 $0 U0N ! ON, - < < -< - ~ f-~ k- I int ON10NN INI California Bay- Delta I V PR F ::PolikV and Adr,,istfadon x Water and Related Re SO rc s Source: CRS, based on Reclamation's FY2021 budget request and enacted appropriations data Note: Does not reflect offsetting receipts for the Central Valley Project Restoration Fund (CVPRF). The Water and Related Resources account consists largely of individualproject funding lines. Since the 112' Congress, these projects have been subject to earmark moratoriums that restrict Congress fromfunding geographically specific project line items that the Administration did not request. In lieu of these additions, since FY2014, Congress has included additional funding in appropriations bills beyondthePresident's budgetrequest for selected categories of Reclamation projects. These funds typically are allocated in workplans producedby the Administration and made available several months after appropriations bills have been enacted. Workplans are available at http://www.usbr.gov/budget. Workplans pursuantto recent enacted appropriations bills have continued the practice of pro viding additional funds for allocation on specific projects. This funding has generally increased over time (Figure 2). For FY2021, the House Appropriations Committee recommended $389 million for additional Reclamation projects in the following five categories: ruralwater; water conservation and delivery; environmentalrestoration or compliance; fish passage andscreens; and facilities operation, maintenance, and rehabilitation. Previously, FY2020 enacted appropriations provided $433 million for these projects. A A '2 Updated July 24,2020

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