About | HeinOnline Law Journal Library | HeinOnline Law Journal Library | HeinOnline
LOG IN
LOG IN

1 1 (April 28, 2020)

handle is hein.crs/govdabp0001 and id is 1 raw text is: - cy, ' c ns ........... April 28, 2020 Quantum Information Science: Congressional Activity and Federal Policy Recommendations Q~anuw,,-thf o§1anon SCdCflC Combining elements of mathematics, computer science, engineering, and physical sciences, quantum information science (QIS) is believed to have the potential to provide capabilities far beyond what is possible with the most advanced sciences available today. Quantum science, generally, is the study of the smallest particles of matter and energy; QIS builds on quantum science principles to obtain and process information in ways that cannot be achieved through classical physics. QIS is based on the premise that information science depends on quantum effects in physics. Although much of the press coverage of QIS is on quantum computing, experts generally divide QIS into four categories: sensing and metrology, communications, simulation, and computing (some combine simulation and computing). Each can be used for a variety of applications. For example: * Sensing and metrology-navigation, precise timekeeping, locating subterranean mineral deposits; * Communications-generating quantum keys for encryption and enabling quantum-secure communications (interception destroys the communication and exposes the interceptor); * Simulation-calculating the properties of materials such as high-temperature superconductors and modeling nuclear and particle physics; and * Computing-performing some computations much faster, in some cases exponentially faster, than is possible using conventional high-performance computers. In a February 11, 2020, memorandum, the White House stated that it intends to double non-defense QIS funding by 2022. The memorandum notes that the FY2021 budget recommendation would provide the National Science Foundation with a budget of $230 million and the Department of Energy Office of Science with $237 million for QIS, and an additional $25 million to DOE specifically to support quantum internet research. The following QIS -related activity has taken place in the 116th Congress. Genera QS [eil,,i, The National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (P.L. 116-92) modified the Department of Defense (DOD) QIS research and development (R&D) program. The law specifies which organizations must be consulted in developing an R&D plan; requires the DOD to classify QIS activities and requirements for relevant technology and standards; and establishes QIS research centers to enhance and accelerate the research, development, and deployment of quantum information sciences and quantum information science-enabled technologies and systems. The Global Leadership in Advanced Manufacturing Act of 2019 (S. 1427) encourages research in a number of emerging technologies, including QIS. Among other provisions, the bill would expand the definition of a center for manufacturing innovation to make eligible for inclusion (and funding) a center that has a predominant focus on innovative sectors, including QIS. The Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation ordered the bill to be reported favorably with an amendment in the nature of a substitute. 4n'u--n- , 1eFuu'e Two bills have been introduced-S. 3191 and H.R. 6145- and Congress has held a hearing focused on Industries of the Future. The bills would require the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) to report on R&D investments, infrastructure, and workforce development by the federal government. Specifically, the report would be required to include (1) an assessment of current federal civilian R&D investments in the industries of the future (IotF); (2) a plan to double current investments in artificial intelligence and QIS by FY2022; (3) a detailed plan to increase investments in IotF R&D to $10 billion per year by FY2025; (4) a plan to leverage federal IotF investments through complementary investments by non- federal entities; and (5) proposed implementation legislation. The bills would also require the creation of an Industries of the Future Coordination Council to advise the OSTP Director. Council membership would be composed of members from the federal government as stipulated in the legislation. On January 15, 2020, the Senate held a hearing on Industries of the Future. The hearing examined how the United States can maintain its global economic edge in a variety of disciplines, including QIS. Witnesses from the Department of Commerce, National Science Foundation, OSTP, and the Federal Communications Commission discussed R&D investments, potential regulatory changes, and workforce training requirements. S. 1534 would require the Secretary of Defense to conduct an assessment of quantum computing technology to address problems associated with exposure to PFAS-a class of more than 3,500 dangerous compounds found in ground and drinking water. After referral to the Senate Armed Services Committee, no further action has been taken. ...............~ Q~ NC~%>. gm 100 ILU

What Is HeinOnline?

HeinOnline is a subscription-based resource containing thousands of academic and legal journals from inception; complete coverage of government documents such as U.S. Statutes at Large, U.S. Code, Federal Register, Code of Federal Regulations, U.S. Reports, and much more. Documents are image-based, fully searchable PDFs with the authority of print combined with the accessibility of a user-friendly and powerful database. For more information, request a quote or trial for your organization below.



Short-term subscription options include 24 hours, 48 hours, or 1 week to HeinOnline.

Purchase Access

Already a HeinOnline Subscriber?

Log In

profiles profiles most