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1 1 (June 30, 2017)

handle is hein.crs/govchzu0001 and id is 1 raw text is: I Cong ressin, l Resea rch Sevice Hong Kong Marks 20th Anniversary of Handover to Chinese Sovereignty June 30, 2017 On July 1, 1997, Hong Kong returned to Chinese sovereignty in accordance with the Joint Declaration of the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Government of the Peopies Republic of China (PRC) on the Question of Hong Kong (Joint Declaration) and the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) (Basic Law). Twenty years later, some observers, including some Members of Congress, question the PRC government's commitment to the Joint Declaration and the Basic Law, and have proposed changing U.S. relations with China and Hong Kong accordingly. One Country, Two Systems Originally formulated for the future resolution of Taiwan's relationship with the PRC, China and the United Kingdom adopted the One Country, ,Two Systems policy during the Joint Declaration negotiations. Under One Country, Two Systems, Hong Kong would be afforded a high degree of autonomy, except in foreign and defence affairs, and its current social and economic systems in Hong Kong will remain unchanged. The Basic Law provides the HKSAR government with executive, legislative and independent judicial power, including that of final adjudication, in accordance with the provisions of this Law. China's National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC), however, has periodically interpreted the Basic Law in a manner some observers maintain violates Hong Kong's high degree of autonomy and undermines its independent judicial power. In November 2016, while Hong Kong's High Court was considering a case determining the legitimacy of two prodemocracy Legislative Council (Legco) members' oaths, the NPCSC issued an interpretation of Article 104, setting new conditions for the taking of oaths of office (see CRS Insight IN 10605, China and the Hong Kong High Court Issue Decisions on Legislative Council Controversy (Update)). Subsequently, outgoing Hong Kong Chief Executive Leuting Chun--ying filed another suit to have four more prodemocracy Legco members removed from office for allegedly failing to take their oaths in the manner prescribed by the NPCSC's interpretation. Democratization and Self-Determination The Basic Law also states that the ultimate aim is the selection of the Chief Executive by universal suffrage upon nomination by a broadly representative nominating committee in accordance with CRS INSIGHT Prepared for Membes and Corm nittees o4 Congress ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

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