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1 1 (March 17, 2020)

handle is hein.crs/govchxx0001 and id is 1 raw text is: 01; F ie sea.rch & March 17, 2020 Bureau of Reclamation: FY2021 Appropriations Most of the large dams and water diversion structures in the 17 states west of the Mississippi River were built by, or with the assistance of, the Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation), part of the Department of the Interior. Reclamation's original mission was to develop water supplies, primarily for irrigation to reclaim arid lands in the West. Today, its mission includes management, development, and protection of water and related resources. Reclamation's mission areas and geographic scope are generally narrower than those of the other principal federal water resource agency, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Reclamation manages hundreds of water storage and conveyance projects. These projects provide water to approximately 10 million acres of farmland and 31 million people. Reclamation is the largest wholesale supplier of water in the 17 states west of the Mississippi River and the second-largest hydroelectric power producer in the nation. Reclamation facilities' operations can be controversial, particularly in relation to effects on fish and wildlife species and conflicts among competing water users. Reclamation's role has evolved, and its focus has gradually shifted from construction of new water storage projects to operation and maintenance of existing projects. Reclamation also has expanded into new areas, including funding for water supply projects on tribal lands and in rural areas under congressionally authorized Indian water rights settlements and rural water supply projects, respectively. In addition, Congress has authorized Reclamation grants to nonfederal projects, including those for water reuse and recycling, conservation and efficiency, and desalination. Reclamation's Water and Related Resources account funds most agency activities, including construction, operation and maintenance, dam safety, and ecosystem restoration. It also funds Indian water rights settlements and most Reclamation programmatic and grant authorities. Reclamation typically also requests funding for three smaller accounts: California Bay-Delta Restoration, the Central Valley Project Restoration Fund (which is offset by customer receipts), and the Policy and Administration account. ',,202,, M.u d ge t The President's budget request for FY2021 proposed $1.13 billion in gross current authority (i.e., appropriations before offsets) for Reclamation. Congress enacted $1.66 billion for Reclamation in its final FY2020 enacted appropriations bill (Division C of the Further Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2020 (P.L. 116-94)). Figure 1 shows the last six fiscal years of appropriations levels for Reclamation compared with the FY2021 President's budget request. Figure I. Reclamation Appropriations by Account, FY20 I 5-FY2020, and the FY2021 Budget Request (nominal $ in millions) $1,800 $1,600 $1,400 $1,200 $1,000 $800 $600 $400 $200 $so 1101\XI0 ON RL2NL1~ NOl~ California Bay- Delta C'VPRF Po icy and Administration \ Water and Related Resoumces Source: CRS, based on Reclamation's FY2021 budget request and enacted appropriations data. Note: Does not reflect offsetting receipts for the Central Valley Project Restoration Fund (CVPRF). The Water and Related Resources account consists largely of individual project funding lines. Since the 112th Congress, these projects have been subject to earmark moratoriums that restrict Congress from funding geographically specific project line items that the Administration did not request. In lieu of these additions, since FY2014, Congress has included additional funding in appropriations bills beyond the President's budget request for selected categories of Reclamation projects. These funds typically are allocated in work plans produced by the Administration and made available several months after appropriations bills have been enacted. Work plans are available at http://www.usbr.govbudget/. Work plans pursuant to recent enacted appropriations bills have continued the practice of providing additional funds for allocation on specific projects. This funding has generally increased over time (Figure 2). FY2020 enacted appropriations for Reclamation provided $433 million for projects in the following five categories: rural water; water conservation and delivery; environmental restoration or compliance; fish passage and screens; and facilities operation, maintenance, and rehabilitation. - , gnom goo , q 'S SL IN 11L1\L\N,\1kJ\W,

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