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Revising the Volcker Rule: Section 203 and

Section 204 of the Economic Growth,

Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection

Act



December 10, 2019

When Congress enacted the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act in 2010,
Section 619, otherwise known as the Volcker Rule, proved particularly consequential. Named after
former Federal Reserve Chairman Paul Volcker, who had long criticized certain banking practices that he
felt were at odds with conventional banking principles, the Volcker Rule prohibits banks and affiliates
from, among other things, (1) engaging in proprietary trading, and (2) owning or sponsoring hedge funds
and private equity funds. These prohibitions are subject to several exemptions and restrictions, including
those relating to underwriting, market making, and risk-mitigating hedging activities. Defenders of the
Rule argue that it keeps banks from engaging in risky trading activities. Critics have argued that the Rule
is overly complex, ambiguous, and may decrease market liquidity.
In 2018, Congress addressed some of this criticism by amending the Volcker Rule as part of a larger
package of financial reforms known as the Economic Growth. Regulatory Relief and Consmner
Protection Act (EGRRCPA). This Legal Sidebar is the first in a series to examine revisions to the Volcker
Rule. It discusses rulemaking by five financial regulatory agencies (the Agencies)-the Office of the
Comptroller of the Currency (OCC), the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (Federal
Reserve), the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC), the Commodity Futures Trading
Commission (CFTC), and the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)-to implement the
EGRRCPA's Volcker Rule revisions. These revisions include Section 203, which exempts so-called
community banks from Volcker Rule restrictions, and Section 204, which modifies the Volcker Rule's
restriction on name sharing among banking entities, hedge funds, and private equity funds.
This Sidebar proceeds in two parts. First, it gives background on the Agencies' rulemakings. Second, it
analyzes related legal issues. Specifically, the Agencies' interpretations of Sections 203 and 204 are
generally in keeping with the common view regarding the scope of the provisions. Nonetheless, Congress
could amend revisit and revise the Volker Rule in the event that it no longer believes the Rule is the best
approach or does not believe the Rule is appropriately implemented by the Agencies.
                                                             Congressional Research Service
                                                               https://crsreports.congress.gov
                                                                                 LSB10382

CRS Lega Sidebw
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