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1 1 (August 23, 2019)

handle is hein.crs/govbaxg0001 and id is 1 raw text is: 1 Congressional Research Service ~ Informir g the legislative debate ince 1914 S August 23, 2019 A Brief Overview of FEMA's Individual Assistance Program This In Focus provides an overview of the Federal Emergency Management Agency's (FEMA's) Individual Assistance (IA) program, including brief descriptions of each type of IA and the factors considered when determining whether to authorize IA. 1A Programs IA provides various forms of aid to affected individuals and households and may be available following a presidential emergency or major disaster declaration. The President determines whether to grant a declaration request, and the FEMA Assistant Administrator for the Disaster Assistance Directorate has the delegated authority to designate assistance types, such as IA. * Mass Care and Emergency Assistance (MC/EA) involves the provision of life-sustaining services to disaster survivors prior to, during, and following an incident through short-term recovery (e.g., sheltering). * Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program (CCP) provides grant funding to local, state, territorial, and Indian tribal governments, as well as nongovernmental organizations, to supplement efforts to assist individuals and communities through community- based outreach and the provision of services. * Disaster Unemployment Assistance (DUA) provides benefits to individuals who were previously employed or self-employed, and were rendered jobless or whose employment was interrupted as a direct result of a major disaster and are ineligible for regular unemployment insurance. * Disaster Legal Services (DLS) are provided free to low-income individuals who need assistance securing benefits or who have claims arising from a major disaster. * Disaster Case Management (DCM) partners case managers with disaster survivors to develop and implement disaster recovery plans that address their unmet needs. * Individuals and Households Program (IHP) provides financial and/or direct assistance, in the forms of Housing Assistance and Other Needs Assistance (ONA), to eligible individuals and households who have uninsured or under-insured necessary expenses and serious needs, as a result of an emergency or major disaster, that cannot be met through other means or forms of assistance. However, IHP is not a substitute for insurance and it cannot compensate disaster survivors for all Insses Figure 1 shows the general timing for IA program delivery in a generic disaster context. Figure I. General Delivery Assistance Programs Timing of Individual Source: Developed by CRS based on Figure 2: Timeline of Individual Assistance Programs from the FEMA, Individual Assistance Program and Policy Guide (IAPPG), FP 104-009-03, March 2019, p. I I, https://www.fema.gov/media-library-data/ I551713430046- I abf I2182d2d5e622d I 6accb37c4d I 63/IAPPG.pdf. Notes: MC/EA = Mass Care and Emergency Assistance; IHP= Individuals and Households Program; TSA = Transitional Sheltering Assistance; STEP = Sheltering and Temporary Essential Power; PA= Public Assistance; ONA = Other Needs Assistance; CCP-ISP = Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program-Immediate Services Program; CCP-RSP = Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program-Regular Services Program; DLS = Disaster Legal Services; DCM = Disaster Case Management; DUA= Disaster Unemployment Assistance. The Operation Blue Roof, TSA, and STEP programs are Public Assistance-funded, but are included because they relate to the provision of FEMA housing assistance. https://crsreports.congress. Pre-incident Response Coordination (24-72 hrs.) H-P HazardsArrival& Resons (<24 hrs.-+0-24 hr Short-Term Recovery (days to weeks) Intermediate Recovery (weeks to months) Long-Term Recovery & Mitigation (months to years)

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