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1 1 (July 31, 2019)

handle is hein.crs/govbapm0001 and id is 1 raw text is: A Congressional ____ *a Research Service ~nforming the Iegislative debate since 1914 New UK Leadership: Implications for Brexit July 31, 2019 On July 24, 2019, Boris Johnson became prime minister of the United Kingdom (UK) after winning the Conservative Party leadership contest that was triggered by the resignation of Theresa May as party leader on June 7. A colorful and polarizing figure who was one of the leading voices in the campaign for the UK to leave the European Union (EU), Johnson previously served as UK foreign secretary from 2016 to 2018 and mayor of London from 2008 to 2016. He inherits a government in which the Conservative Party controls a slim parliamentary majority by virtue of support from the Democratic Unionist Party (DUP), the largest unionist party in Northern Ireland. Johnson Intent on Delivering Brexit but Renegotiation Unlikely Prime Minister Johnson maintains that the UK will leave the EU on October 31, 2019, no ifs, no buts. Brexit was originally scheduled to occur on March 29, 2019, but EU leaders granted the UK an extension until the end of October 2019 after the UK Parliament repeatedly rejected the withdrawal agreement negotiated between the UK and the EU. One of the main obstacles to securing Parliament's approval has been the agreement's so-called Northern Ireland backstop provision, which would keep the UK in the EU customs union until the two sides agree on their future trade relationship. Although the former May government contended that it would never be necessary to implement the backstop, while the UK remains a member of the EU customs union it is unable to conduct an independent national trade policy, one of the main selling points for Brexit's supporters. The backstop was made necessary by the lack of an apparent solution to the Irish border question. UK, EU, and Irish officials have been intent on avoiding a hard border with customs checks and physical infrastructure between Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland to preserve the peace process and extensive cross-border trade. Doing so, however, has proved difficult to reconcile with the UK's intention to leave the EU's single market and customs union. Prime Minister Johnson has indicated that he intends to renegotiate a better deal with the EU, one that discards the backstop provision. Some Brexit advocates argue that the Irish border problem can be solved through a series of mini deals and alternative arrangements, such as conducting customs checks at ports of entry and points of origin away from the border and instituting trusted trader schemes. The EU, Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov IN11150 CRS INSIGHT Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress

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