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1 [1] (November 28, 2018)

handle is hein.crs/crsmthzzbyr0001 and id is 1 raw text is: De s PCongressional Research Se arce hfoomng the Iegslative debaesancel1914 Defense Primer: The Military Departments The Department of Defense (DOD) is comprised of three military departments: the Department of the Army, the Department of the Navy, and the Department of the Air Force. The organization of each military department is outlined in Title 10 of the United States Code. The term military department refers to a department's senior civilian official and senior military officer, as well as all departmental headquarters staff offices, field headquarters, armed forces, reserve components, civilian employees, installations, activities, and functions under the control or supervision of the department's senior officials. Each department is organized under the leadership of a Secretary, a civilian official appointed by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate. The three department secretaries all carry out the functions of their positions under the authority, direction, and control of the Secretary of Defense. The term armed forces refers to the five U.S. military service branches: the Army, the Navy, the Air Force, the Marine Corps, and the Coast Guard. While the Coast Guard is statutorily considered to be a military service, it generally operates under Title 14 authorities. Title 14 states that the Coast Guard shall be a service in the Department of Homeland Security, except when operating as a service in the Navy upon the declaration of war, if so directed by Congress in the declaration, or upon the direction of the President (see Section 3 of Title 14, U.S. Code). Figure I. Organizational Structure of DOD Military Departments Source: CRS illustration The Department of the Army The mission statement of the Army is to fight and win our Nation's wars by providing prompt, sustained land dominance across the full range of military operations and spectrum of conflict in support of combatant commanders. The Army, operating as a military service within the Department of the Army, consists of the Regular Army; the Updated November 28, 2018 Army Reserve; the Army National Guard of the United States; and members or units of the state-level Army National Guard when ordered into the service of the United States. The Secretary of the Army, as assisted by the Office of the Secretary of the Army, has responsibility for all affairs of the Army. The Chief of Staff of the Army, as assisted by the Army Staff, provides military advice to the Secretary of the Army. The Department of the Navy The Department of the Navy has authorities and responsibilities relating to two military service branches: the Navy and the Marine Corps. The mission statement of the Navy is to maintain, train and equip combat-ready Naval forces capable of winning wars, deterring aggression and maintaining freedom of the seas. The Marine Corps is an expeditionary force in readiness statutorily tasked with using combined arms forces to seize or defend forward -positioned naval bases, and conducting land operations in support of naval campaigns. Unlike the Departments of the Army and the Air Force, the Department of the Navy's organizational structure is specifically defined by law to include: * Senior civilian and military leadership and headquarters staff offices; * All operating forces of the Navy and the Marine Corps; * The reserve components of the Navy and the Marine Corps; and * All functions, organizations, forces, activities, and facilities under the control or supervision of the senior civilian official of the Department of the Navy The Secretary of the Navy, as assisted by the Office of the Secretary of the Navy, has responsibility for all affairs of the Navy and the Marine Corps. The Chief of Naval Operations, as assisted by the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations, and the Commandant of the Marine Corps, as assisted by the Headquarters, Marine Corps, both provide military advice to the Secretary of the Navy. The Department of the Air Force The mission statement of the Air Force is to fly, fight and win as it carries out operations in air, space, and cyberspace. The Air Force, operating as a military service within the Department of the Air Force, consists of the Regular Air Force; the Air Force Reserve; the Air National Guard of the United States; and members or units of the state-level Air National Guard ordered into the service of the United States. www.crsgov i 7-5700 velary tne Atruy Qf v i e Navy

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