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CRS INSIGHT


Arming Teachers as a Response to School

Shootings

March 13, 2018 (IN10870)




Related Author


   SNathan James




Nathan James, Analyst in Crime Policy (namesaTcrs.loc ov, 7-0264)

In the wake of the February 14, 2018, shooting at Stoneman Douglas High School in Parkland,
FL, President Trump endorsed a proposal to arm teachers as a way to potentially thwart school
shootinas. The President's endorsement has generated debate about whether this policy option
would make schools safer.

Proponents argue that arming educators provides a deterrQntffect and that armed teachers
could respond to an acive shooter quicker than police. Opponents argue that teachers n~t
want the responsibility of countering active shooters; they raise questions about wathr
teachers can receive eniough training to make them eci in an ac ive1I shooter szituation; and
they argue that allowing firearms on school grounds could create other problems, such as
  lic misking arme     h     ronne fr a   ilns.

A Lack of Rigorous Evidence Regarding Effectiveness

There is no sound research on whether arming teachers prevents schol shootings. The theory
underlying arming teachers is similar to that of placing school resource officers (SROs) in
schools: their presence could have a deterrent effect and they could react quicker than the
police to active shooters. However, one review of the literature on SRs and armed guards
finds mixed results regarding their effect on school crime, and no research has evaluated their
effect on mass shootings. The review noted anecdotal evidence that mass shooters were not
deterred by the presence of law enforcement officers during shootings at Columbint High
SQl and Virginja Tch.

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