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1 (December 16, 2004)

handle is hein.crs/crsmthabbsj0001 and id is 1 raw text is: 
                                                               Order Code  RS21512
                                                        Updated  December  16, 2004



 CRS Report for Congress

              Received through the CRS Web



                  The Copyright Royalty

        and Distribution Reform Act of 2004

                             Robin  Jeweler
                           Legislative Attorney
                         American  Law  Division

Summary


     P.L. 108-419, the Copyright Royalty and Distribution Reform Act of 2004
 (CRDRA), was signed into law by President Bush on November 30, 2004. The law
 makes extensive changes to the procedural framework for adjudicating royalty rates for
 compulsory licenses under the Copyright Act. Compulsory licenses facilitate many
 copyright-related activities, including digital transmissions of sound recordings in
 webcasting. The law repeals and reenacts chapter 8 of Title 17 of the U.S. Code, 17
 U.S.C. §§ 801-805. The previous ad hoc three-member Copyright Arbitration Royalty
 Panel is replaced by standing Copyright Royalty Judges appointed for six-year terms.



    Background.   The owner of a copyright generally has the exclusive right to control
use and distribution of the protected work. One who wishes to use the protected work
ordinarily gets permission directly from the owner (or his or her agent). The permission
may take any number of forms, a common one being a license agreement.

    There are several provisions in the Copyright Act that create statutory or
compulsory licenses. In these situations, a user need not obtain permission for use from
the copyright owner; permission is compulsory. The user or licensee must abide by
statutorily imposed conditions and pay prescribed royalties. Among the statutory licenses
created in the Copyright Act are licenses to make and distribute phonorecords
(mechanical licenses);' licenses for use of certain works by noncommercial broadcasters;2
and, licenses for specified secondary transmissions by cable television and satellite






117 U.S.C. § 115.
2 17 U.S.C. § 118.


       Congressional  Research  Service + The Library of Congress

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