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550 Annals Am. Acad. Pol. & Soc. Sci. 9 (1997)

handle is hein.cow/anamacp0550 and id is 1 raw text is: PREFACE

Anatole France told the story of a boy who was taken by an uncle to see
the Chamber of Deputies in Paris. He could not follow the debate and asked
what it was about when they emerged on the street. His uncle said, They
were discussing the cost of the First World War. And what did they decide?
They decided that the cost was 23 trillion francs. And what about the men
and women who were killed? Oh, they were included.
The articles that follow are reminiscent of that discussion. Enormous social
dislocation is going on in North America, and the North American Free Trade
Agreement (NAFTA) is contributing to that dislocation. In Mexico, the oldest
incumbent political party or oligarchy in the world, the Institutional Revolu-
tionary Party (PRI), seems in danger of losing control. If that happens,
NAFTA will be one reason.
The PRI is not a party in the American sense but more of a family firm and
social insurance scheme. It has successfully packed the ballot boxes of Mexico
for more than sixty years. Currently, it is under intense scrutiny because
Mexico, after the euphoria of the signing of NAFTA, suddenly stumbled into
an economic and political black hole with the peso devaluation crisis of
December 1994. After delivering the goods for many years in terms of stability
and order, the PRI is beginning to appear to its Washington patrons like a
possible liability rather than ally.
Inflation, unemployment, the collapse of businesses and banks, and guer-
rilla warfare are some of the cavalry of the Apocalypse that have arrived on
the Mexican scene. Former President Carlos Salinas, the hero of NAFTA, has
fallen from grace. Memories of President Ernesto Zedillo's 1994 election
promises to provide for the well-being of your family and his advertisements
of himself as a leader who knows how to do it have acquired an ironic taste.
All of this is having profound cultural consequences, and not only in
Mexico. The immigration crisis is an indication that no part of North America
can really escape the consequences of upheaval in another part. During the
lobbying that preceded ratification of NAFTA, Salinas and other Mexican
leaders took pains to claim that the accord had nothing to do with political or
cultural concerns. NAFTA was represented as being entirely about economics.
That was undoubtedly a wise course of action in terms of placating the
national vanities of the three countries, but only the naive would think that
NAFTA was simply a tariff accord or that economic reform would have no
reference to cultural values. Do work habits have nothing to do with culture?
Does productivity have nothing to do with culture? Can a free market exist
in a country that is not free? Does freedom have nothing to do with culture?
Questions of a possible common culture are increasingly on the minds of many
North Americans.
9

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