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506 Annals Am. Acad. Pol. & Soc. Sci. 7 (1989)

handle is hein.cow/anamacp0506 and id is 1 raw text is: PRESIDENT'S WELCOME AT THE NINETY-FIRST ANNUAL MEETING The American Academy of Political and Social Science was organized in Philadelphia on 14 December 1889; the current year is our centennial. The Academy was organized to promote the progress of political and social science, especially through publications and meetings. The Academy does not take sides on controversial questions, but seeks to gather and present reliable information to assist the public in forming an intelligent and accurate judgment. The Academy has had a charter from the Commonwealth of Penn- sylvania since 1891 and in every sense has been a completely independent corporation. The officers and directors, myself included, often have come from the University of Pennsylvania, but there is no direct connection between the two organizations. The membership of the Academy currently is about six to seven thousand from all over the world. Membership includes a subscription to The Annals. The Annals has been published since 1890, and we think of it as our outstanding bimonthly publication. It appears in January, March, May, July, September, and November. Each issue contains articles on some prominent social or political problem written at the invitation of the special editors. These volumes constitute important reference works on the topics with which they deal. TheAnnals is extensively cited throughout the United States and abroad. The papers that are presented today and tomorrow at this ninety-first annual meeting will be published in the November 1989 issue of The Annals. I am pleased to welcome all of the faithful members and new members, students, and delegates from a variety of organizations to this meeting, where we will examine the theme of human rights around the world. The topic of human rights is not new to the Academy. We have had issues of The Annals on topics related to human rights from the beginning of the journal's publication. In volume 1, printed in April 1891, Fred Taylor had an article, The Law of Nature, which dealt with the topic of human rights. In January of 1900, Frederick Cleveland chose a very specific topic on human rights, connected with South Africa and its legal and political aspects. Also in 1900, in September, Inglis Clark had a very interesting article, Natural Rights, which dealt with the topic. In 1903 several articles on labor, on child labor, and on convict labor were associated with the importance of human rights. In September of 1909, a special issue devoted to the Chinese and Japanese in America was concerned with these issues. The topics that I mention all had specific connection with human rights. In 1914 there was an issue on reform in the administration of justice. In 1913 there was one on prison labor, and in 1936 there was another, The Constitution in the Twentieth Century, and, specifically, in 1946 the title was Essential Human Rights. Racial Desegregation and Integration appeared in March 1956, Internal Security and Civil Rights in America in 1955. One of the latest issues I can refer to that had references to human rights is from 1979, which I edited, entitled The Environment and Quality of Life. There is a difference between civil liberties and civil rights, as we know these concepts in the United States. There are individual rights, as civil rights; there are class-action cases for civil liberties. The distinction is not airtight, nor are the concepts mutually 7

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