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439 Annals Am. Acad. Pol. & Soc. Sci. 1 (1978)

handle is hein.cow/anamacp0439 and id is 1 raw text is: ANNALS, AAPSS, 439, Sept. 1978

A Framework for the Analysis of Urban Black Politics
By JOHN R. HOWARD
ABSTRACT: The analysis of urban black politics requires
examining both the magnitude of the problems confronting
black office holders at the municipal level and the politico-
social context within which black leadership seeks to con-
front these problems. With regard to the former, typically
cities with black leadership are older, poorer, and blacker than
most in the United States. Problems of poverty long predate
black political ascendancy and are usually not mitigated by
federal or state income transfer policies. These problems have
a ripple effect, hurting ghetto business, black and white, and
diminishing choice with regard to housing, education and
health care. With regard to understanding the socio-political
context within which urban black leadership is exercised, the
important factors are: (a) the political and moral inaccessi-
bility of certain policies theoretically available to white
leadership (for example, the planned shrinkage of low
income communities via cuts in service as an alternative to
citywide cuts in services); (b) the fiscal strain of varying
degrees of severity; (c) the apportioning of power among city
offices as reflected in the structure of city government; (d)
the character of state and federal initiatives; and (e) racism as
it is manifested in institutional and affective forms. This paper
explicates each of these factors, addressing the policy impact
of urban black leadership and the capacity of the formal
political system to promote ghetto reform.
John R. Howard, Professor of Sociology and Dean of Social Sciences at the State
University of New York, College at Purchase, received his Ph.D. from Stanford
University. He is coauthor of Life Styles in the Black Ghetto, editor of The
Awakening Minorities: American Indians, Mexican-Americans and Puerto Ricans,
and author of The Cutting Edge: Social Movements and Social Change in America.
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