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301 Annals Am. Acad. Pol. & Soc. Sci. vii (1955)

handle is hein.cow/anamacp0301 and id is 1 raw text is: FOREWORD This issue of THE ANNALS was planned primarily in relation to the conference on Methods of Financing Higher Education sponsored by the American Academy of Political and Social Science and the University of Pennsylvania. The confer- ence was convened to commemorate the hundredth anniversary of the birth of Edmund J. James, the first president of the Academy, and was held on May 21 and 22 in Philadelphia. The editor was informed of the general character of the conference and was re- quested to select topics and authors to make possible an issue which would present as comprehensive a picture of higher education as possible within the limitations of the space available. Since it was necessary to plan the balance of the issue and to have the articles completed by the time the conference was held, it was impossible to correlate the two parts of this issue other than by informing each writer of the theme of the conference and of the other articles. This inability to plan the issue as a whole is not as serious as it might appear. All discussions of higher education are now influenced by the one overriding fact of the increase in the number of persons of college age who are just now beginning to arrive on the campus. That these numbers will increase beyond those of any prior period, including even the peak of veteran demand, is now acknowledged by the most skeptical. The basic problem facing higher education is what shall be done to meet this demand. At this point there is wide divergence of views among educators. Some assert that the demand for higher education should be met by greater selectivity, ignoring the ever increasing numbers who would thus be barred from a college education. At the other extreme are those who believe that democracy and our rapidly chang- ing needs for college-trained personnel make it the first responsibility of the college to provide opportunity for a college education to all whose further education is in the national interest and who have the intellectual ability to profit from it. These differences in assessing the basic function of higher education in our de- mocracy result in different answers to many of the problems now facing our col- leges and universities. It is well, then, that there are different points of view expressed in this issue. It is hoped that bringing them together in this way will provide an opportunity to appraise each, to find the extent to which the various viewpoints can be reconciled in relation to the total problem, although not for each institution, and to take such steps as may be necessary to, attack realistically this new problem of youth and of our nation. The first three articles present the over-all picture. The others were selected to treat the more specific areas of administrative organization, state and regional planning, the role of the federal government, campus issues, the curriculum, accreditation, scholarship and academic freedom, and the international responsi- bilities of higher education. The conference report covers the problems of financ- ing our colleges and universities. Each contributor was left entirely free to express his own opinions in his own way. It is hoped that the issue as a whole will make a contribution to each insti- V;;

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