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238 Annals Am. Acad. Pol. & Soc. Sci. v (1945)

handle is hein.cow/anamacp0238 and id is 1 raw text is: FOREWORD THE magnitude of the impending vet- eran re-employment problem, joined with an awareness of the exceptional arduousness of the service which many veterans will have performed, can well give rise to feelings of bafflement and even consternation concerning the feasi- bility and the consequences of their re- absorption into civilian life. After World War I a brief period of intense concern was quickly dissipated by the ease with which all but a few of the discharged men found their own way back into a peacetime existence. The end of World War II, however, will leave a veteran population several times greater than that of 1919. The stresses and shocks of the war upon both vet- erans and nonveterans have been far more intense and prolonged. The ma- jor shifts in economic and social atti- tudes which have occurred over the past two decades may be still further modi- fied before a full peacetime status is restored. There are, however, important posi- tive factors which in the coming situa- tion may well more than counterbalance the negative ones. The enhanced aware- ness and concern which have already been manifested are in themselves strongly in contrast with the casual way in which the demobilization problem was last faced in the United States. Govern- mental and other machinery in the fields of placement, vocational counseling, credit facilities, social insurance, and welfare has developed far beyond the rudimentary beginnings of twenty-five years ago. Governmental plans and measures specifically addressed to the problems of the returning veteran have been discussed and devised well in ad- vance. Perhaps in the end even more important are the active concern shown and the detailed preparation undertaken by individual communities, employers, V and labor unions, and the fact that we do not even yet know fully how elastic our economic and social structure may turn out to be. The very dimensions of the task ahead may in the end simplify its solu- tion. It must be kept in mind that pres- ently a third or even two-fifths of the male labor force of the country may well consist of men who have had at least some service in the armed forces. In many communities, industries, and oc- cupations, and of course especially in the age brackets in which most of the veterans fall, the proportion will be far higher. It is therefore with good reason that several of the articles in this volume point out that one can hardly speak of postwar jobs for veterans unless one is really speaking of the problem of as- suring sufficient jobs for all workers in the total population. Under these circumstances it is also well constantly to bear in mind that whatever is done for or to the veteran group is being done for or to the en- tire national economy. Special services provided for veterans and their families will be well on the way toward becoming services for the entire population. Spe- cial provisions or devices affecting ac- cess to jobs or the retention of jobs may well become permanently crystallized into the whole pattern of management and trade union relationships. The spe- cific applications of general policies will require the exercise of an exceptionally high quality of wisdom and co-operative- ness on the part of the veterans, the em- ployers, the trade unions, and the gov- ernmental agencies. It is to be hoped that the articles in this volume will aid in stimulating fur- ther discussion of those problems which are as yet unsolved and of the conflicts of attitude and interest which will have to be adjusted. It has obviously not

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