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30th Congress 2d Session Appendix Cong. Globe 1 (1849)

handle is hein.congrec/conglob0025 and id is 1 raw text is: APPENDIX TO THE CONGRESSIONAL GLOBE. 30TH CoNG ..... 2D SEss. Message of the President. NEw SERIES ...... No. 1. Tins Is the tirst number of the APPENDrX to the Cox- pacific. Advantageous treaties of commerce have OR14SsONAL GL.OeE for this session-Ihe second of the Thirtieth Congress. We will print several thousand sur- been concluded, within the lest four years, with plls copies for the purpose of supplyintg those who ray New Granada, Peru, the Two Sicilies, Belgium, ubO'cribe within a reatonable tinle--say by the leth of Hanover, Oldenburg, and Mecklenburg-Schwerin. January-witi complete copies. The Aireenzx will con- Pursuing our example, the restrictive system of ln tlie tPresident's 31eqsn-es; the Report. of the tiecds oh the Lecutive Departments; and all the Speeches made in Great Britain, our principal foreign customer, has both Ifouses of Congress witkIh the members write outor been relaxed; a more liberal commercial policy revile has been adopted by other enlightened nations,- The CONGRESSIONAL GLoBE is printed in the same form and our trade has been greatly enarged and ex- is tie APrPNri, ad contius tile speeches of tie meet- her-, condiised; all ithe resolutions ofered; and the yeas tended. Our cotlntry stands higher in the respect end nsys on everyimportant question. We will print, also, of the world than at any former period. To con- several lbon-si d surplus copies of it, to supply those who tinue to occupy this proud position, it is only ne- may sii,criie hereafter withl complete copies. eartopsrvpacndfihulahreo The following are our prices for them: cessar to preserve peace, and faithfully adhere to For one copy orf ll CoN OEssIO. L GLOBE .......... $1 00 the great and fundamental principle of our foreign For one copy ofthe APPENDIX ................. 1 00 policv of non-interference in the domestic concerns For six copies ofeither, or part or both .............. 5 00 of other nations. We recognize in all nations the Cog-After the l0th of January the price for the CoNoaEs- rights which we enjoy ourselves, to change and sro'AL GLoBE ar Au.PEN.VW for this session will be et 50 reform their political institutions, according to their aeh. The original price of l each does not pay the expense of iho publications, in conequence of the greiat increase of own will and pleasure. Hence we do not look rteter publi-hied. We must make our profit out of these behind existing governments, capable of maintain- who neglect to eub-cribe early. ing their own authority. We recognize all such actual governments, not only from the dictates of ME S S A G 2E true policy, but from a sacred regard for the inde- oF v1e pendence of nations. While this is our settled-policy, it does not foi- PRESIDENT OP THE UNITED STATES. low that we can ever be indifferent spectators of othe progress of liberal principles. The Govern- .rellot-cilidens of the Senate ment and people of the United States hailed with and of the be ousi g faepresentaties y enthusiasm and delight the establishment of the Under the benignant Providence of 'Almighty French Republic, as we now hail the efforts in God, the representatives of the States and of the proress to unite the States of Germany in a con- people are again brought together to deliberate for fderation, similar in many respects to our own the public good. The gratitude of the nation to Pederal Union. If the great and enlightened Ger- the sovereign Arbiter of all human events, should man States, occupying, as they do, a central and be commensurate with the boundless blessings commanding posiiion'in Europe, shall sueeed in which we enjoy. establishing such a Confederated Government, Peace, plenty, and contentment reign through- securing at the same time to the citizens of each out our borders, and our beloved country presents State, local governments adapted to the peculiar a sublime moral spectacle to the world, condition of each, with unrestricted tradeand inter- The troubled and unsettled condition of some course with each other, it will bean irmportant era of the principal European Powers has had a neces- in the history of human events. Whilst it will sary tendency to check and embarrass trade, and consolidate and strengthen the power of Germany, to depress prices throughout all commercial ni- it must essentially promote the cause of peace, tions; but notwithstanding these causes, the Uni- commerce, civilization, and constitutional liberty tell States, with their abundant products, have felt throughout the world. their effects less severely than any other country, With all the governments on this continent our and ali our great interests are still prosperous and relations, it is believed, are now on a more friendly successful. and satisfactory footing than they have ever been In reviewing the great events of the past year, at any former period. and contrasting the agitated and disturbed state of Since the exchanze of ratifications of the treaty other countries with our own tranquil and happy of peace with Mexico, our intercourse with the condition, we may congratulate ourselves that we Government of that Republic has been of the most are the most favored people on tie face of the friendly character. The Envoy Extraordinary and earth. While the people of other countries are Minister Plenipotentiary of the United States to strugglingtoestablishfreeinstitutions, underMwhih exico has been received and accredited; and a man may govern himself, we are in the actual en- diplomatic representative from Mexico of similar joyment of tltem-rt rich inheritance from our rank has been received and accredited by this fathers. While enlightened nations of Europe are Government. The amicable relations between the convulsed and distracted by civil war or intestine two countries which had been suspended have strife, we settle all our political controversies by been happily restored, and are destined, I trust, to the pcaceful exercise of the rights of freemen at be long preserved. The two lRepublics, both situ- the gallot-box. Tile great republican maxim so ated on this continent, and with coterminous ter- deeply engraven on thie hearts of our people, that ritories, have every motive of sympathy and of the will ofthe majority, constitutionallyexpressed, interest to bind them togetherin perpetual amity. shall prevail, is our sure safeguard against force This gratifying condition oour foreign relations and violence. It is a subject of just pride, that renders it unnecessary for me to call your atten- our fame and character as a nation continue rap- tion more specifically to them. idly to advance in the estimation of the civilized It has been my constant aim and desire to culti- world. To our wise and free institutions it is to be vate peace and commere with all nations. Tran- attributed, that while other nations have achieved quillity at home, and peaceful relations abroad, glory at the price of the suffering, distress, and constitute the true permanent policyof ourcountry. Impoverishment of their people, we have won our War, the scourge of nations, sometimes becomes honorable position in the midst of an uninterrupted inevitable, but is always to be avoided when it can prospcrity, and of an increasing individual com- be done consistently with the rights and honor of fort and happiness. I am happy to inform you the nation. that our relations with all nations are friendly and One of the most important results of the war I1 into which we were recently forced with a neigh- boring nation, is the demonstration it has afforded of the military strength of our country. Before the late war with Mexico, European and other foreign Powers entertained imperfect and errone- ous views o our physical strength a as nation, and oe our ability to prosecute war, and especially a war waged out of our own country. They saw that our standing army on the peace establishment did .not exceed ten thousand men. Accustomed themselves to maintain in peace large standing armies for the protection of thrones against their own subjects, as well as against foreign enemies, they had not conceived that it was possible for a nation without such an army, well dipciplined and of long service, to wage war successfully. They held in low repute our militia, and were far from regarding them as an effective force, unless it might be for temporary defensive operations when invaded on our own soil. The events of the late war with Mexico have not only undeceived them, but have removed erroneous impressions which prevailed to some extent even among a portion of our own countrymen. That war has demonstra- ted, that upon the breaking out of hostilities not anticipated, and for which no previous prepara- tion had been made, a volunteer army of citizen- soldiers equal to veteran troops, and in numbers equal to any emergency, can in a short period be brought into the field. Unlike what would have occurred in any other country, we were under no necessity of resorting to draughts or conscriptions. On the contrary, such was the number of volun- teers who patriotically tendered their services, that the chief difficulty was in making selections, and determining who should be disappointed and compelled to remain at home. Oar ciitzen-soldiers are unlike those drawn from the population of any other country. They are composed indiscrimi- nately of all professions and pursuits: of farmers, lawyers, physicians, merchants, manufacturers, mechanics, and laborers; and this, not only among the officers, but the private soldiers in the ranks. Our citizen-soldiers are unlike those of any other country in other respects. They are armed, and have been accustomed, from their youth up, to handle and use fire-arms; and a large proportion of them, especially in the western and more new- ly settled States, are expert marksmen. They are men who have a reputation to maintain at home by their good conduct in the field. They are in- telligent, and there is an individuality of character which is found in the ranks of no other army. In battle, each private man, as well as every officer, fights not only for his country, but for glory and distinction among his fellow-citizens when he shall return to civil life. pr The war with Mexico has demonstrated not only the ability of the Government to organize a nu- merous army upon a sudden call, but also to pro- vide it witb all the munitions and necessary sup- plies with despatch, convenience, and ease, and to direct its operations with efficiency. The strength of our institutions has not only been displayed in the valor and skill of our troops engaged in active service in the field, but in the organization of those executive branches which were charged with the general direction and conduct of the war. While too great praise cannot be bestowed upon the officers and men who fought our battles, it would be unjustto withhold from those officers necessarily. stationed at home, who were charged with the duty of furnishing the army, in Iproper time, and at proper places, with all the munitions of war and other supplies so necessary to make it efficient, the commendation to which they are entitled. The

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