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![handle is hein.amindian/snclsace0001 and id is 1 raw text is: Calendar No. 199
102D CONGRESS REPORT
1st Session j SENATE 102-133
THE SAN CARLOS APACHE TRIBE WATER RIGHTS
SETTLEMENT ACT OF 1991
JULY 31, (legislative day, JULY 8), 1991.-Ordered to be printed
Mr. INOUYE, from the Committee on Select Committee on Indian
Affairs, submitted the following
REPORT
[To accompany S. 291]
The Select Committee on Indian Affairs, to which was referred
the bill (S. 291) the San Carlos Apache Tribe Water Rights Settle-
ment Act of 1991, having considered the same, reports favorably
thereon with an amendment in the nature of a substitute and rec-
ommends that the bill as amended do pass.
PURPOSE
The purpose of S. 291 is to provide for the settlement of the
water rights claims of the San Carlos Apache Indian Tribe of Ari-
zona.
BACKGROUND
The 10,000 members of the San Carlos Apache Tribe are Western
Apache Indians of the Southern Athapaskan linguistic group. Ac-
cording to early Spanish and American documents, the Western
Apache were semi-nomadic hunters and gatherers who also settled
seasonally in small farms and practiced irrigated agriculture. Their
aboriginal territory included much of the eastern portion of
present-day Arizona, from Flagstaff in the north to Tucson in the
south and into the Gila Mountains of New Mexico in the east.
In their efforts to colonize the southwest, Spaniards first at-
tempted unsuccessfully to use force to subdue the Apaches. There-
after, they negotiated treaties and instituted a policy of reserva-
tions and government support to gain peace with them. Mexico fol-
lowed a similar course.
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