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11 Transnat'l L. & Contemp. Probs. 299 (2001)
Human Rights, Sanctions, and Terrorist Threaths: The United Nations Sanctions against Iraq

handle is hein.journals/tlcp11 and id is 315 raw text is: Human Rights, Sanctions, and Terrorist Threats:
The United Nations Sanctions Against Iraq
Roger Normand * & Christoph Wilcke **
I.  INTRODUCTION     ............................................................................... 300
A. Morality of Sanctions; Ethics and Law ................................. 301
B. Prohibition to Punish the Innocent ....................................... 306
C. Iraq: Sanctions and Their Human Cost ................................ 309
II. THE PLACE OF SANCTIONS IN THE CASE OF IRAQ .......................... 315
A. Sanctions: Rules and Guidelines ........................................... 318
B. The Multiplicity of Purpose of Sanctions Against Iraq ........ 321
C. The Politics of Sanctions ........................................................ 324
D. History of Compliance Versus Enforcement .......................... 331
III. HUMAN RIGHTS ASSESSMENT ........................................................ 335
A. The Legal Framework for the Security Council .................... 335
B. Human Rights Law ................................................................ 336
C. Humanitarian Law ................................................................ 340
IV. CONCLUSION     ................................................................................. 343
• Roger Normand is co-founder and Executive Director of the Center for Economic and Social
Rights (CESR), a human rights group that advocates against poverty and economic injustice both
at home and abroad. He oversees policy, program and outreach, and directs projects in the
Middle East and Central Asia. In recent years, he has led human rights fact-finding missions to
Iraq, Israel and Palestine, and Afghanistan. Prior to CESR, he organized the Harvard Study
Team missions to Iraq in 1991, the first independent investigations of the devastating effects of
war and sanctions on Iraq's civilian population. He has also worked with Human Rights Watch-
Asia and Catholic Relief Services on refugee issues in Southeast Asia. A graduate of Harvard
Law School and Harvard Divinity School, Normand has written on human rights and refugee
issues for a wide range of publications.
** Christoph Wilcke joined the Center for Economic and Social Rights in the fall of 2001 and
began work on issues of humanitarian interventions in Afghanistan and on legal and political
aspects of the UN sanctions regime against Iraq. He has previously worked with an international
consultancy in England, a research institute in Beirut, and the German-Arab Chamber of
Industry and Commerce in Cairo. Wilcke completed his degree of Master of Philosophy at the
University of Oxford in Modern Middle Eastern Studies in the summer of 2001. He is currently
working on a study of Arab-American philanthropy in Brooklyn, New York. His interests in the
Middle East are social history, human rights, and civil society.

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