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29 Isr. L. Rev. 491 (1995)
The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, 1982

handle is hein.journals/israel29 and id is 501 raw text is: NOTES THE UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION ON THE LAW OF THE SEA, 1982 THE APPLICATION OF PART XI: AN ELEMENT OF BACKGROUND Shabtai Rosenne* Part XI of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, 1982,' articles 133 to 191, with its related annexes III and IV, deals with the sea-bed and ocean floor and its subsoil beyond the limits of national jurisdiction and the exploitation of their natural resources. Through the combination of articles 76 on the definition of the continental shelf, 83 on the delimitation of the continental shelf between States with opposite or adjacent coasts, article 84 on charts and lists of geographical co-ordinates, and 134, paragraph 3, on the scope of Part XI of the Convention, the outer limits of the continental shelf constitute the landward limit of the international sea-bed area beyond the limits of the national jurisdiction.2 The Convention, conceived as a package deal, was adopted despite the opposition of the principal maritime and indus- trialized States, who objected principally to the provisions of Part XI. The Conference adopted the Convention as a whole together with some ancillary instruments at its 182nd meeting on 30 April 1982 by a recorded vote of 130 to 4, with 17 abstentions.3 Israel, Turkey, the United States of America and Venezuela cast negative votes. Israel explained its negative vote as due to the standing that the Convention gave to the Palestine Liberation Organization, and to certain other * Ambassador of Israel (retired); Chairman of the Delegation of Israel to the Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea; Member of the Institute of International Law; Honorary member of the American Society of International Law; President of the Israel Branch of the International Law Association. 1 Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea, Official Records, vol. XVII (A/CONF.62/122 & Corrs.) 151. It has been reprinted many times and is easily available. 2 In Israel the continental shelf is at present regulated by the Submarine Areas Law, 1953, 7 L.S.I. 41, following the Submarine Areas Proclamation of 3 August 1952, Yalkut haPirsumim 989. Reproduced in Yearbook of the International Law Commis. sion, 1956, vol. II (A/CN.4/99/Add.1) at p. 53. 3 Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea. Official Records, vol. XVI, 155.

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