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9 Geo. J. Gender & L. 181 (2008)
Failed Rape Prosecutors at the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda

handle is hein.journals/grggenl9 and id is 183 raw text is: FAILED RAPE PROSECUTIONS AT THE INTERNATIONAL
CRIMINAL TRIBUNAL FOR RWANDA
DANIEL J. FRANKLIN*
I. BACKGROUND .......................................... 184
II.  CHARGING RAPE AT ICTR  ..............................  185
A. ICTR's JURISDICTION OVER CAH-R ...................  185
B. INITIAL FAILURE TO BRING CHARGES OF CAH-R ...........  186
Im. PROSECUTORIAL SUCCESS RATE FOR CHARGES OF CAH-R AS
COMPARED TO OTHER CRIMINAL VIOLATIONS CHARGED AT ICTR..  187
IV. DEFINING RAPE AND THE FAILURE OF AKAYESU ................  189
V. FAILED RAPE PROSECUTIONS AT ICTR ......................  190
A.  JUVtNAL KAJELIJEL  ..................................  191
1.  Indictment, Judgment, and Appeal .................  191
2. Prosecution of Rape .............................. 192
B. JEAN DE DIEu KAMUHANDA ............................ 193
1.  Indictment, Judgment, and Appeal .................  193
2. Prosecution of Rape .............................. 194
C.  ALFRED MUSEMA ....................................  197
1.  Indictment, Judgment, and Appeal .................  197
2.  Prosecution of Rape ..............................  198
a. General CAH-R allegation ...................... 198
b. Rape of Annunciata ........................... 199
c. Rape of Immaculee Mukankusi ................  199
d.  Rape of Nyiramusugi .........................  200
3.  Appeal of the Rape Conviction .....................  201
D.  ELIEZER NIYITEGEKA .................................  202
1.  Indictment, Judgment, and Appeal .................  202
2.  Prosecution  of Rape  ...........................  203
E.  LAURENT SEMANZA ..................................  204
1.  Indictment, Judgment, and Appeal .................  204
2. Prosecution of Rape .............................. 205
F. PAUL BISENGIMANA AND OMAR SERUSHAGO ..............  207
G.  ADDITIONAL FAILED CHARGES ........................  207
* J.D. Candidate and Global Law Scholar, Class of 2008, Georgetown University Law Center. The
author thanks Professor Julie O'Sullivan, Jennifer J. Clark (J.D. Candidate, Georgetown University Law
Center, 2008), Valerie Kravets Cohen (J.D. Candidate, Fordham Law School, 2008), and the board and
staff of the Georgetown Journal of Gender and the Law for their invaluable guidance and support in
writing this Note. © 2008, Daniel J. Franklin.

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