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16 Geo. Int'l Envtl. L. Rev. 763 (2003-2004)
Back to the Basics: Improved Property Rights Can Help Save Ecuador's Rainforests

handle is hein.journals/gintenlr16 and id is 773 raw text is: NOTE
Back to the Basics: Improved Property Rights can
Help Save Ecuador's Rainforests
KRISTEN HITE*
CONTENTS
I.  Introduction .............................................    764
II. The Need for Sustainable Land Management in Ecuador's Tropical
Forests  . . . .. . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  767
A. Defining Sustainable Land Use ............................ 767
B. Sustainable Management Techniques ....................... 768
1. Agroforestry ..................................... 768
2.  Selective Logging .................................   769
III. Challenges to Sustainability: The Need for Equitable, Exclusive, and
Enforceable Rights ........................................ 770
A. The Need for Equitable Rights ............................ 771
1. Historical Tensions and Cultural Conflicts: Indigenous
Populations and the Colonists ......................... 772
a.  The Spanish Conquest ...........................  773
b. The Homestead Act of 1964: Challenges to Equitable
Ownership ................................... 773
c. The Agrarian Development Law of 1994: Challenges of
Multiple Ownership Systems ....................    776
2. The Case of Adverse Possession: Addressing the Needs of the
Landless Poor .................................... 778
B. The Need for Exclusive Rights: Reconciling Subsurface Use with
Surface Ownership ..................................... 780
1. Barriers to Exclusive Use: Shared Ownership Rights and
Conflicting Laws .................................. 781
2. Resolving Exclusive Conflicts with an Equitable Lens:
Subsurface Users Rarely Absorb the Environmental Surface
Costs of Extraction ................................ 782
* J.D. Candidate, Georgetown University (2005); M.S. Candidate, Universidad San Francisco de Quito;
B.S., B.A. Wofford College (2000). The author appreciates the academic assistance of Professor Peter Byrne
and the observations of Silvia GonzAlez-Medina and Minister Santiago Chivez-Pareja of the Ecuadorian
Embassy in Washington, D.C.

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