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69 Judicature 9 (1985-1986)
Justice Sandra Day O'Connor and the Freshman Effect

handle is hein.journals/judica69 and id is 11 raw text is: Wide World
Justice Sandra Day O'Connor and the
Freshman Effect
Contrary to expectations, the newest justice quickly adapted to her environment and
almost immediately began participating fully in the work of the Court.
by John M. Scheb, II and Lee W. Ailshie

S tudents of the judiciary have long
been interested in the process by
which new appointees are assim-
ilated into the United States Su-
preme Court.' Some of the behavioral
and biographical literature suggests the
existence of a freshman effect, that is,
a distinct pattern of behavior manifested
by neophyte justices. The so-called fresh-

man effect entails behaviors one might
expect from a newcomer to any group
where the norms of the group are pecul-
iar to it and, at least initially, unknown
to the newcomer. Such behaviors would
be characterized by uncertainty, disorien-
tation and vacillation. J. Woodford How-
ard has suggested that it took Justice
Frank Murphy three terms to overcome

just this kind of problem in adapting to
the norms and business of the Supreme
Court.2 On the other hand, Heck argues
that Justice Brennan quickly overcame
the freshman syndrome.3
The literature focuses on three aspects
of the freshman effect: a subjective aspect
manifested in the feelings of the new
justice himself about his new role,4 an

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