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4 Macquarie J. Int'l & Comp. Envtl. L. 43 (2007)
Asean Environmental Protection in Natural Resources and Sustainable Development: Convergence versus Divergence

handle is hein.journals/macqjice4 and id is 45 raw text is: MqJJCEL (2007) Vol 4 ASEAN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION IN NATURAL RESOURCES AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: CONVERGENCE VERSUS DIVERGENCE? KHENG-LIAN KOH* We envision a ... green ASEAN with fully established mechanisms for sustainable development to ensure the protection of the region's environment, the sustainability of its natural resources ... (italics added).' I INTRODUCTION Established in 1967, ASEAN - the Association of South East Asian Nations - consists of ten member states, namely, Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Myanmar, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam.' To what extent can the ASEAN Vision 2020 on natural resources, quoted above, be realized in a region which is not altogether homogeneous but is disparate to a varying extent in terms of its history, politics, economics, socio-cultural communities, population and natural resources? The 2002 ASEAN Report to the World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD) noted the region's natural resources in the following terms: ASEAN's environment and natural resource endowments are unique and diverse. Forest cover in ASEAN is over 48%, compared to the world average of below 30%. The aquatic ecosystems and the marine environment in ASEAN are highly productive and species rich. In 1998, it contributed 14% of the world's marine fish Professor of Law, National University of Singapore and Director, Asia-Pacific Centre for Environmental Law; Paper originally presented at the 3 d Asian Law Institute Conference, Shanghai, China, 25-26 May 2006. ASEAN Vision 2020, Kuala Lumpur, 15 December 1997, <http://www/aseansec.org/ 1814.htm> 28 May 2007. 2 The ASEAN Declaration (Bangkok Declaration), Bangkok, 8 August 1967, see Kheng-Lian Koh (compiler), Selected ASEAN Documents on the Environment, APCEL Document Series, 1996, ii-iv, <http://www.aseansec.org/1212.htm> 28 May 2007. The founder members were Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand.

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