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30 Crime & Just. 83 (2003)
Long-Term Historical Trends in Violent Crime

handle is hein.journals/cjrr30 and id is 91 raw text is: Manuel Eisner Long-Term Historical Trends in Violent Crime ABSTRACT Research on the history of crime from the thirteenth century until the end of the twentieth has burgeoned and has greatly increased understanding of historical trends in crime and crime control. Serious interpersonal violence decreased remarkably in Europe between the mid-sixteenth and the early twentieth centuries. Different long-term trajectories in the decline of homicide can be distinguished between various European regions. Age and sex patterns in serious violent offending, however, have changed very little over several centuries. The long-term decline in homicide rates seems to go along with a disproportionate decline in elite homicide and a drop in male-to-male conflicts in public space. A range of theoretical explanations for the long- term decline have been offered, including the effects of the civilizing process, strengthening state powers, the Protestant Reformation, and modern individualism, but most theorizing has been post hoc. Symonet Spinelli, Agnes his mistress and Geoffrey Bereman were to- gether in Geoffrey's house when a quarrel broke out among them; Sy- monet left the house and returned later the same day with Richard Russel his Servant to the house of Godfrey le Gorger, where he found Geoffrey; a quarrel arose and Richard and Symonet killed Geoffrey (Weinbaum 1976, p. 219). This is an entry in the plea roll of the eyre court held in London in 1278. The eyre was a panel of royal justices empowered to judge all felonies and required to inquire into all homi- cides that had occurred since the last eyre (Given 1977). The story is Manuel Eisner is reader in sociological criminology at the Institute of Criminology, University of Cambridge, England. The author thanks Michael Tonry, Kevin Reitz, and the anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. © 2003 by The University of Chicago. All rights reserved. 0192-3234/2003/0030-0003$10.00

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