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33 J. Broad. & Elec. Media 453 (1989)
Newsfilms in Jordan Television's Arabic Nightly Newscasts

handle is hein.journals/jbem33 and id is 465 raw text is: Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media Volume 33, Number 4, Fall 1989, pp. 453-460 Newsfilms In Jordan Television's Arabic Nightly Newscasts Muhammad I. Ayish In updating a 1983 study, a 1988 sample from 13 weeks of Jordan Television's Arabic nightly newscast was analyzed. Newsfilm items were coded according to originating source, topic, duration (in seconds), and geographic area of cover- age. In comparison with the 1983 data, the findings indicate a considerable proportional increase in the amount of time and number of locally-originated newsfilm items, a continued dominance by western newsfilm sources of exter- nally-originated materials, and low usage of newsfilm items received via ARAB- SAT news exchange. It is argued that domestic and regional political and economic imperatives adversely affected the quality ofJTV's usage of newsfilm materials originated by different sources. Many researchers have been interested in how broadcasting, as a mod- ern communication phenomenon, has fared over the past two decades in the less developed settings of the Third World. In the early 1970s, a project sponsored by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Orga- nization (UNESCO) revealed that television systems in the developing regions of Latin America, Africa and the Middle East, were highly depen- dent on a one-way flow of programs from North America and Western Europe (Nordenstreng & Varis, 1974). In an updated study of 69 countries, Varis (1984) found few overall changes in the pattern of program flow but indicated a trend toward greater regional exchanges along with continued dominance of a few exporting countries. In the late 1970s, television was haphazardously introduced into many developing nations against a back- ground of poor planning and limited technical and human resources (Katz & Wedell, 1977). In general, analyses of television in the Third World have been associated with two major theoretical orientations on mass media development (Lee, 1980). The first orientation draws on the concept of media imperialism and Muhammed L Ayish (Ph.D., University of Minnesota-Minneapolis/St. Paul, 1986) is Assistant Professor in the Department ofJournalism and Mass Communication, Yarmouk University, Jordan. His research interests are international radio and television broadcasting and media sociology. This manuscript was accepted for publication August 1989. @ 1989 Broadcast Education Association

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